Spanish grammar is the system that describes how words are formed (morphology), how sentences are constructed (syntax), and how meaning is conveyed through rules for agreement, word order, and usage. It covers everything from simple sentence building to complex structures involving moods, tenses, and clauses.
- Adjectives: Words that describe or modify nouns, agreeing in gender and number.
- Adverbs: Words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating manner, time, place, or degree.
- Articles: Definite and indefinite words that introduce nouns and agree in gender and number.
- Conjunctions: Words that connect clauses, sentences, or words.
- Conditional Tenses: Verb forms used to express hypotheticals or possibilities dependent on conditions.
- Future Tense: Verb forms used to express actions that will occur.
- Imperative Mood: Verb forms used to give commands or make requests.
- Infinitives: The base form of verbs, often used as nouns or after certain expressions.
- Interrogatives: Words and structures used to form questions.
- Morphology: The study of word formation and structure.
- Negations: Rules and words used to make sentences negative.
- Past Tenses: Verb forms used to describe actions that have occurred (e.g., preterite, imperfect).
- Plurals & Gender: Rules for making nouns and adjectives plural and for assigning gender.
- Possessives: Words that show ownership or relationship.
- Present Tense: Verb forms used to describe current actions, habitual actions, or general truths.
- Prepositions: Words that show relationships between nouns/pronouns and other elements in a sentence.
- Pronouns: Words that replace nouns and vary by function (subject, object, reflexive, etc.).
- Relative Clauses: Clauses that provide additional information about a noun, introduced by relative pronouns.
- Subjunctive Mood: A mood used to express doubt, desire, emotion, or uncertainty.
- Verbal Aspects: The nuances of how actions are viewed in time (e.g., completed, ongoing, habitual).
- Verb Conjugation: The modification of verbs to reflect tense, mood, person, and number.
- Idiomatic Expressions: Phrases whose meanings are not deducible from the individual words.
Spanish grammar is essential for understanding and communicating effectively in Spanish at any level.