Learn the present tense in German: forms, usage and practice with real examples, exercises, and useful tips for fluent present-tense sentences.

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Prerequisites

The present describes actions that are happening now, habits, general truths, and near or planned future with time references. It is the basic form for expressing time in German and is used especially frequently in many sentence types. In spoken language, it often replaces Perfekt or Präteritum when an event is vivid or immediate.

Weak verbs form the present tense regularly with the verb stem and the personal endings. The ending depends on the person, while the stem remains unchanged. For formation, weak verbs are the most important foundation.

Personperson.Formform.BeispielExample.
ichI.🌱spieleI play.🌟Ich spiele, weil ich jetzt Zeit habe.I play because I have time now.
duyou.🎯lernstyou learn.📘Du lernst, während ich lese.You learn while I read.
er sie eshe, she, it.🧩machtdoes.🛠️Er macht die Aufgabe, und sie hilft ihm.He does the task, and she helps him.
wirwe.🤝spielenplay.☀️Wir spielen, wenn das Wetter gut ist.We play when the weather is good.
ihryou (plural informal).🚴lerntlearns.🎓Ihr lernt, während die Lehrerin erklärt.You learn while the teacher explains.
sie Sieshe / you (formal).🏠machendo.🍽️Sie machen das Frühstück, und danach gehen wir.They make breakfast, and then we go.

For many verbs with s, ss, ß, x or z, the du form loses the extra s and ends only in -t. Therefore you say 'du heißt', 'du sitzt', and 'du lernst' not with -st.

Personperson.Verbverb.BeispielExample.
duyou.✨heißtis called.👋Du heißt Anna, und ich heiße Leon.Your name is Anna, and mine is Leon.
duyou.🪑sitztsits.🍵Du sitzt am Tisch, während ich stehe.You sit at the table while I stand.
duyou.🎉tanztdances.💃Du tanzt, wenn die Musik beginnt.You dance when the music begins.

Some strong verbs change the stem vowel in the du and er/sie/es forms in the present. Most commonly e changes to i or ie, as well as a to ä. These changes belong to the central irregular present forms and must be learned for each verb individually.

Personperson.Verbverb.BeispielExample.
duyou.🍽️issteats.🍲Du isst jetzt, während ich koche.You are eating now while I cook.
er sie eshe, she, it.🍏issteats.⏳Er isst langsam, weil er Zeit hat.He eats slowly because he has time.
duyou.🔤liestreads.📖Du liest den Text, und sie hört zu.You read the text, and she listens.
er sie eshe, she, it.🌳liestreads.🌿Sie liest im Garten, wenn es still ist.She reads in the garden when it is quiet.
duyou.🛏️schläfstyou sleep.😴Du schläfst früh, weil du müde bist.You sleep early because you are tired.
er sie eshe, she, it.🏡schläftsleeps.🌙Er schläft schon, wenn die anderen noch reden.He is already asleep when the others are still talking.

Auxiliary verbs be, have, and will belong to the most important irregular verbs in the present tense. They often carry grammatical functions in compound tenses and future forms, but in the present tense they also have independent meanings. Their forms should be learned as fixed base forms, as with auxiliary verbs.

Personperson.Verbverb.BeispielExample.
ichI.🧭binam.🌧️Ich bin zu Hause, während es regnet.I am at home while it is raining.
duyou.📦hastyou have.🤲Du hast heute viel Arbeit, und ich helfe dir.You have a lot of work today, and I will help you.
er sie eshe, she, it.🚀wirdwill.⏰Er wird später kommen, wenn er fertig ist.He will come later when he is finished.
wirwe.🧱sindare.🎒Wir sind bereit, bevor der Unterricht beginnt.We are ready before class begins.
ihryou (plural informal).🗝️habtyou have.✅Ihr habt recht, wenn ihr das so sagt.You are right when you say it that way.
sie Sieshe / you (formal).🌤️werdento become.🚆Sie werden morgen ankommen, wenn der Zug pünktlich ist.They will arrive tomorrow if the train is on time.

Modal verbs show possibility, necessity, wish, or ability and are in the present tense often with an infinitive. They also have their own irregular stem forms and are especially important for sentence construction, as with modal verbs. The most common are können, müssen, dürfen, sollen, wollen and mögen.

Personperson.Verbverb.BeispielExample.
ichI.🦸kanncan.🕒Ich kann heute kommen, wenn ich früher fertig bin.I can come today if I finish earlier.
duyou.📚musstyou must.🤫Du musst leise sein, während der Film läuft.You must be quiet while the movie is running.
er sie eshe, she, it.🧭kanncan.🍳Er kann gut kochen, wenn er Zeit hat.He can cook well when he has time.
wirwe.🚦müssenmust.🚉Wir müssen jetzt gehen, weil der Zug wartet.We have to go now because the train is waiting.
ihryou (plural informal).🎭wolltyou want.🎶Ihr wollt bleiben, solange die Musik spielt.You all want to stay as long as the music plays.
sie Sieshe / you (formal).🌟mögento like.☕Sie mögen den Kaffee, wenn er stark ist.They like the coffee when it is strong.

Separable verbs appear in the present tense in the main clause with the prefix at the end of the sentence. The verb stem is conjugated normally, while the separable prefix stays in the sentence bracket. This construction is important for main clauses, verb-second position, and the general word order.

Personperson.Verbverb.BeispielExample.
ichI.🌅stehe aufget up.⏰Ich stehe früh auf, weil ich arbeiten muss.I get up early because I have to work.
duyou.🚌kommst anarrive.🚉Du kommst an, wenn der Zug hält.You arrive when the train stops.
er sie eshe, she, it.🎒zieht anputs on.🧥Er zieht den Mantel an, bevor er geht.He puts on the coat before he leaves.
wirwe.🧹räumen auftidy up.✨Wir räumen auf, damit das Zimmer sauber ist.We tidy up so the room is clean.
ihryou (plural informal).📞ruft ancalls.☎️Ihr ruft an, wenn ihr Hilfe braucht.You call if you need help.
sie Sieshe / you (formal).🚪machen aufopen.🔔Sie machen die Tür auf, wenn es klingelt.They open the door when it rings.

In spoken German, an ongoing action can be made particularly vivid at the infinitive. This colloquial progressive form is stylistically marked and does not belong to neutral standard writing. It supplements the present tense but does not replace it as the general base form.

Regionregion.Wort oder WendungWord or expression.Regionale DefinitionRegional definition.BeispielExample.
🇩🇪DeutschlandGermany.📝am Lesenreading.Die Form beschreibt eine Handlung, die gerade im Verlauf ist, und wirkt umgangssprachlich.The form describes an action that is currently in progress and sounds colloquial.📚Ich bin am Lesen, während du kochst.I am reading while you cook.
🇦🇹ÖsterreichAustria.💼am Arbeitenam working.Die Form wird im Alltag genutzt, wenn eine laufende Tätigkeit betont wird.The form is used in everyday life when an ongoing activity is being emphasized.🚪Sie ist am Arbeiten, und ich warte draußen.She is working, and I am waiting outside.
🇨🇭SchweizSwitzerland.💬am Redenspeaking.Die Form kann gesprochen sehr natürlich klingen, ist aber stilistisch nicht neutral.The form can sound very natural when spoken, but it is not stylistically neutral.📱Wir sind am Reden, wenn du anrufst.We are talking when you call.

The present tense is used not only for the present, but also for habits, general statements, and near-future with time references. For storytelling, it can make events feel vivid and immediate. In spoken language, it is often used where in written German the Präteritum, Perfekt, or Futur I would be used, and it remains the foundation for subordinate clauses as well as many sentence patterns with interrogative sentences.

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Last updated: Mon Jun 1, 2026, 3:45 AM