Vous allez bientôt nommer ce que vous mangez, commander au restaurant et parler de vos habitudes avec naturel. Commencez par le panorama de la nourriture, puis faites vivre chaque mot dans vos repas et vos courses.

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We use the vocabulary of food to talk about what we eat, what we drink and what we find in a kitchen or in a restaurant. The most general words are la nourriture, les aliments, le plat, le repas and la boisson. For a basic list of everyday words, the vocabulary of Les Courses provides many very common foods. In a simple conversation, one can say Je prends un repas, Je mange un plat chaud or Je bois une boisson froide. Food nouns are very often masculine or feminine with no visible logic, so one must learn the word with its article. Some words are used to talk about an entire category, like la viande, les légumes, les fruits, le pain or le dessert. Others designate a specific portion, like une soupe, une salade or un sandwich. At a restaurant, we also talk about the menu, the carte, the entrée, the plat principal and the dessert. These words frequently come up with ordering expressions and with adjectives that describe taste or size.


Basic vocabulary for meals
WordDefinition
🍝la nourritureThe collection of what we eat. It’s the general word for talking about foods.
🍽️le repasMoment when we eat. A repas can be simple or very long.
📋le menuList of dishes offered in a restaurant. The menu helps to choose.
🥘le platPreparation served at the table. A plat can be hot or cold.
🥗l entréeSmall dish served before the main course. An entrée often opens the meal.
🍰le dessertSweet course served at the end of the meal. The dessert is often highly anticipated.
😋la faimSensation that shows one wants to eat. Having faim means one needs food.
🥵la soifSensation that shows one wants to drink. Having soif means one needs a beverage.
🧁le goûterSmall snack taken between meals. The goûter is often sweet.
🏠le restaurantPlace where prepared dishes are eaten by customers. At the restaurant, one often chooses from a menu.

In everyday life, l’eau is the most common drink. We often order une eau plate or une eau gazeuse at a restaurant. Le café, le thé, le lait and le jus are also very common. When talking about juice, you often hear le jus d’orange, le jus de pomme or simply un jus. For cold drinks, we say une boisson fraîche, un soda or un verre d’eau. The word verre is useful because we often order un verre de... before the drink. At table, you can say Je bois un café le matin, Je prends du thé or Elle aime l’eau sans gaz. The alcoholic beverages most well known are le vin, la bière and le champagne. In a cafe or in a restaurant, these words easily combine with the ordering structures seen in Repas et commande.


Vocabulary of everyday drinks
WordDefinition
💧l eauDrink without sugar or added flavor. Water is the simplest drink.
☕le caféHot drink prepared with ground beans. The coffee often wakes you up in the morning.
🍵le théHot drink prepared with infused leaves. Tea can be mild or fragrant.
🥛le laitWhite drink of animal or plant origin. Milk is also drunk at breakfast.
🧃le jusDrink made from pressed fruits. A juice can be fresh or industrial.
🥤la limonadeFizz drink often sweetened. Lemonade is very refreshing.
🍺la bièreAlcoholic drink obtained by fermentation. Beer is often served cold.
🍷le vinAlcoholic drink made with grapes. Wine often accompanies a meal.
🍫le chocolat chaudHot drink with cocoa flavor. Hot chocolate is perfect when it’s cold.
🍓le smoothieThick drink made with blended fruits. A smoothie can be very colorful.

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The French breakfast often consists of du pain, une baguette, un croissant, des tartines, de la confiture and du beurre. We also often eat des céréales, un yaourt and sometimes un fruit. The word viennoiserie denotes morning pastries like the croissant and the pain au chocolat. To talk about this first meal, we use le petit-déjeuner or, in informal language, le petit-déj. We say Je prends un café au petit-déjeuner, Elle mange une tartine or Nous buvons du jus d’orange. If the bread is served with butter, we keep the structure du pain avec du beurre. These foods are very useful for talking about morning habits and bakery purchases in Les Courses.


Vocabulary for the French breakfast
WordDefinition
🥖le painBasic food made with flour. The pain is very present at breakfast.
🍞la tartineSlice of bread topped with a food. A tartine can have butter or jam.
🧈le beurreFatty substance used on bread or in cooking. The beurre gives a rich taste.
🍓la confitureSweet preparation made with cooked fruits. The confiture is often spread on bread.
🥐le croissantMoon-shaped pastry. The croissant is a morning classic.
🥖la baguetteLong loaf of bread very common in France. The baguette shares easily.
🌾les céréalesSmall dry foods often eaten with milk. The céréales are quick to serve.
🥣le yaourtCreamy dairy product often eaten at breakfast. The yaourt can be plain or sweetened.
🥚l œufOval food coming from the chicken. The œuf can be boiled or scrambled.
🍊la marmeladeThick jam often made from citrus fruits. The marmelade has a livelier flavor.

The most common fruits are la pomme, la banane, l’orange, le raisin, la poire, la fraise and la pêche. For vegetables, you very often find la tomate, la carotte, la pomme de terre, l’oignon, la salade, le concombre and le brocoli. Fruits and vegetables are often plural when talking about a purchase or a complete meal, as in J’achète des pommes or Il mange des légumes. In a recipe, you can say des fruits frais, des légumes cuits or une salade de tomates. The word frais is often used with fruits, while cuit is used for prepared vegetables. At the market, you ask for un kilo de pommes or trois tomates. These words are very useful for describing a plate, doing shopping and understanding the food categories of Les Courses.


Vocabulary of common fruits and vegetables
WordDefinition
🍎la pommeRound fruit with thin skin. The apple is eaten raw or cooked.
🍌la bananeLong, soft fruit with a yellow peel. The banana is easy to take along.
🍊l orangeJuicy and often tangy fruit. The orange is rich in flavor.
🍓la fraiseSmall red fruit, very fragrant. The strawberry pleases children.
🍇le raisinSmall fruit that grows in clusters. The grape can be black or white.
🥕la carotteOrange vegetable often crunchy. The carrot is eaten raw or cooked.
🍅la tomateFruit used as a vegetable in cooking. The tomato is in many salads.
🥬la saladeMix of leaves or vegetables served cold. The lettuce is often fresh.
🥔la pomme de terreStarchy vegetable very common. The potato is cooked in many ways.
🧅l oignonVegetable with a strong flavor used in cooking. The onion seasons dishes.

To talk about protein-rich foods, we often use la viande, le poulet, le bœuf, le porc and l’agneau. Fish is also very common, with words like le poisson, le saumon, le thon and les fruits de mer. In daily life, les œufs, le jambon, le fromage and les haricots are also used to describe a more complete meal. At a restaurant, you can ask for un plat de poulet, du poisson grillé or une omelette. The word grillé comes up often for meat and fish. Cuit and cru are also used to say how the food is prepared. We say de la viande rouge and de la viande blanche depending on the type of meat. These words appear often with taste and cooking adjectives, as in Adjectifs qualificatifs.


Vocabulary of food proteins
WordDefinition
🍖la viandeFood from animals. The viande can be prepared in several ways.
🐔le pouletWhite meat from poultry. The poulet is very common.
🥩le bœufMeat from a cow. The bœuf is often eaten as steak or in sauce.
🐖le porcMeat from a pig. The porc is used in many dishes.
🐟le poissonAnimal from the water that is often eaten cooked. The poisson can be light or very tasty.
🐠le saumonPink-fleshed fish highly appreciated. The saumon is often served grilled or smoked.
🍳les œufsFoods from the chicken and rich in protein. The œufs are cooked in many ways.
🫘les lentillesSmall legumes very nourishing. The lentilles replace meat often.
🌿les haricotsLegumes or beans in pod form depending on context. The haricots are useful in many recipes.
🧊le tofuFood made from soy. The tofu absorbs flavors well.

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The dairy products most common are le lait, le yaourt, le fromage, la crème and le beurre. They are found at breakfast, in sauces and in desserts. To talk about the end of the meal, we use le dessert and words like le gâteau, la glace, la tarte, le flan and la mousse. We often say un dessert au chocolat, une glace à la vanille or un yaourt nature. The word nature is common with yogurt and plain cheese. In a simple conversation, we can say J’aime le fromage, Elle prend un yaourt or Nous partageons un gâteau. Dessert vocabulary is also used to talk about snacks, birthdays and celebratory meals. For dairy drinks, you also hear un chocolat chaud or un lait froid. These words are closely linked to the eating habits of Les Courses.


Vocabulary of desserts and dairy
WordDefinition
🧀le fromageDairy product often salty. The fromage can be fresh or aged.
🥄le yaourtCreamy preparation based on fermented milk. The yaourt is eaten cold.
🥛la crèmeCreamy preparation based on milk. The crème gives a soft texture.
🧈le beurreFatty product obtained from cream. The beurre is also used in pastries.
🎂le gâteauDessert baked in the oven and often sweet. The gâteau is easy to share.
🍦la glaceCold and sweet dessert. The glace is perfect in summer.
🍫le chocolatSweet food made from cocoa. The chocolat appears in many desserts.
🥧la tarteDessert or dish made with a pastry. The tarte can be sweet or savory.
🍮le flanSweet and creamy dessert. The flan wiggles a bit when served.
🍨le sorbetFrozen dessert made with fruit. The sorbet is often very refreshing.

To talk about the moment when we eat, we use le petit-déjeuner, le déjeuner, le dîner and le goûter. In a restaurant, we say Je voudrais..., Je prends... or Je vais prendre... before naming the dish. The order often follows the structure subject + verb + object, as in Je voudrais une salade or Nous prenons deux cafés. To specify the way of eating, we use sur place and à emporter. Sur place means that we eat in the restaurant. À emporter means that we take the food to eat elsewhere. When the server brings the bill, we ask for l’addition or l’ardoise in some cafes. We can also say L’addition, s’il vous plaît. In a menu, the words entrée, plat, dessert and boisson organize the ordering. These expressions come up with all the food vocabulary presented in Les Courses.

Expressions for ordering at a restaurant
UsageExplanation
🙋Ask for a dishWe use I would like to politely ask for something at the restaurant.
📝Place an orderWe use I’ll have to quickly indicate our choice to the server.
🍽️Dine inWe use on site when we eat in the restaurant.
🛍️TakeawayWe use to go when we take the food to eat elsewhere.
💶Ask for the billWe say the bill please to ask to pay.
🥤Express a preferenceWe use I prefer to show our favored choice.
😌Express a cravingWe use I feel like to talk about what we want to eat or drink.
💰Ask about priceWe use how much does it cost to ask the price of a dish or drink.
🧃Order a drinkWe use I would like to drink to specify that we want a drink.
😄Indicate hungerWe use I am hungry to say we want to eat right away.

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Vous pouvez maintenant parler des aliments, choisir une boisson, décrire un repas et commander sur place ou à emporter. Pour passer à l’action, explorez Les Courses, puis affinez vos descriptions avec Adjectifs qualificatifs.

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Last updated: Sat Aug 22, 2026, 5:27 PM