Learn the vocabulary of education with simple and useful sentences. Practice to talk about school and classes right now.

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Prerequisites

In France, the educational path often begins at maternelle, then continues at the école primaire, at the collège, at the lycée and at the université. The maternelle hosts young children before the formal learning of reading and writing. The primaire lays the foundations: reading, counting, writing. At the collège, the pupil follows several subjects with different teachers. At the lycée, he prepares the bac. At the université, the student pursues higher studies. In the vocabulary of Society, these levels also serve to talk about the age of students and their place in social life.


The levels of school in France
WordDefinition
🧸MaternelleThe maternelle is the first stage of school for young children.
📘École primaireThe primary school is the level where we learn the basics of reading and arithmetic.
🏫CollègeThe collège is the establishment where students advance after primary.
🎓LycéeThe lycée is the stage that prepares for the baccalaureate.
📚UniversitéThe université is the place where one pursues higher studies.
🏛️École privéeA école privée is an establishment funded in part or entirely by private funds.
🚸École publiqueA école publique is an establishment managed by the State or the community.
🛏️InternatA internat is a place where students sleep on site.
🌙Cours du soirAn après le soir is a course given after the work or study day.
🧠FormationA formation is an organized learning to acquire a skill.

In a school, the élève follows classes, and the étudiant attends university or a grande école. The professeur teaches a subject; at primary school, one often says maître or maîtresse. The directeur or the directrice runs the institution. The surveillant supervises the corridors, the courtyard and the entrances. One also encounters the principal at middle school and the proviseur at high school. In a context of Public Services, these roles are part of the official organization of an establishment.


The important people at school
WordDefinition
👧ÉlèveAn élève is a person who attends classes at school.
🧑‍🎓ÉtudiantAn étudiant is a person who pursues higher education.
👨‍🏫ProfesseurAn professeur is a person who teaches a subject.
🧑‍💼DirecteurA directeur is the person who runs the establishment.
🦺SurveillantA surveillant is a person who monitors school life.
📋CPEA CPE is a person who organizes school life in a school building.
🧭RéférentA référent is a resource person to help in a specific situation.
👪ParentA parent is a family member who follows the child’s schooling.
📖BibliothécaireA bibliothécaire is the person who manages the library.
🤝CamaradeA camarade is another student with whom one shares school life.

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The salle de classe is the place where the lesson takes place. In the cour, students meet during recess. The cantine serves midday meals. The bibliothèque allows reading or working in a quiet place. The laboratoire is used for science. On a campus you also find amphitheaters, offices and study rooms. These places often appear in texts of Technology and Media when talking about computers, research or online courses.


The places of a school or a campus
WordDefinition
🪑Salle de classeThe salle de classe is the place where classes take place.
⚽CourThe cour is the outdoor space where students meet.
🍽️CantineThe cantine is the place where one eats at school.
📚BibliothèqueThe bibliothèque is the place where one reads and borrows books.
🔬LaboratoireThe laboratoire is the room where experiments are done.
📝Salle des professeursThe salle des professeurs is the place where teachers meet.
🤸GymnaseThe gymnase is the covered place for sports.
🩹InfirmerieThe infirmerie is the place where minor health issues are treated.
📄BureauThe bureau is the room where a person works or receives.
☔PréauThe préau is the covered space where students take shelter.

The most common subjects are the français, the maths, the histoire, the géographie, the sciences and the langues étrangères. French covers reading, writing and grammar. Maths are used to calculate and solve problems. History talks about the past, and geography describes countries, cities and landscapes. The sciences often cover biology, physics and chemistry. English, Spanish or German are very studied foreign languages.


The disciplines taught at school
WordDefinition
✍️FrançaisThe français is the subject where one learns language and literature.
➗MathsThe maths are the subject of numbers and calculations.
🏛️HistoireThe histoire is the subject that studies the past.
🔭SciencesThe sciences are the subjects that explain the natural world.
🇬🇧AnglaisThe anglais is the foreign language most often studied.
🇪🇸EspagnolThe espagnol is a foreign language very commonly spoken in class.
🗺️GéographieThe géographie is the subject that studies places and regions.
🎨Arts plastiquesThe arts plastiques are the subject where one creates with shapes and colors.
🥁MusiqueThe musique is the subject where one sings and plays an instrument.
🏃Éducation physiqueThe éducation physique is the subject of movement and sport.

To write, one uses a stylo, a crayon and a cahier. The manuel contains the lessons and exercises. The sac à dos carries the day’s things. The ardoise is still used in early classes or for quick experiments. One also finds the trousse, the feuille and the classeur. This vocabulary is used both at school and at home, when getting ready for the next day.


Objects used to work in class
WordDefinition
📒CahierA cahier is a small book to write lessons and exercises.
🖊️StyloA stylo is a tool for writing with ink.
🎒Sac à dosA sac à dos is a bag that one carries on the back.
🪄ArdoiseA ardoise is a small surface for writing then erasing.
📖ManuelA manuel is a school book that explains the subject.
🧽GommeA gomme is an object to erase what has been written.
📏RègleA règle is a tool to draw straight lines.
✏️CrayonA crayon is a tool to write or draw.
🧰TrousseA trousse is a small pouch to store the equipment.
🧮CalculatriceA calculatrice is a device that helps to do calculations.

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During the lesson, one apprends a lesson, one révises before a test and one recopie a sentence in the notebook. The pupil écoutes the teacher, lit a text, écrit an answer and pose a question. One can also lever the main, rendre son travail or faire un exercice. With a directive, one often finds the pattern subject + verb + complement, as in je lis le manuel or nous révisons la leçon.


Useful actions during class
WordDefinition
📘ApprendreApprendre means to receive and retain new knowledge.
🧠RéviserRéviser means to reread and review what we have already studied.
📝RecopierRecopier means to write again a text already given.
❓Poser une questionPoser une question means to ask someone for an explanation.
👂ÉcouterÉcouter means to pay attention to what is said.
📖LireLire means to understand a written text.
🖋️ÉcrireÉcrire means to put words on paper or on a screen.
🔎SoulignerSouligner means to draw a line under an important word.
👥Travailler en groupeTravailler en groupe means to do an activity with several people.
🎤PrésenterPrésenter means to show or explain one’s work in front of others.

A devoir is work to do at home or in class. A contrôle checks knowledge on a specific lesson. An examen is longer and often counts for an important step. The note indicates the result, for example 12 sur 20. The bulletin gathers grades and appreciations for a period. In the vocabulary of Politics and Government, the idea of assessment also comes up when talking about competitions, selection or admission.


The vocabulary of tests and results
WordDefinition
📄DevoirA devoir is work to do for class or homework.
⏰ContrôleA contrôle is an written check of knowledge.
📑ExamenAn examen is an important assessment at the end of a period of study.
⭐NoteA note is the result given after an assessment.
📬BulletinA bulletin is a document that summarizes school results.
🧮MoyenneThe moyenne is the result calculated from several grades.
🛠️CorrectionA correction is the explanation of the correct answers.
🏁RattrapageA rattrapage is a new chance to pass an assessment.
🏅DiplômeA diplôme is an official document proving success.
📊RésultatA résultat is what one obtains after work or an exam.

The brevet marks the end of middle school. The bac finishes secondary studies and opens access to the university. The licence generally corresponds to three years of higher studies. The master comes after the licence. One also speaks of parcours scolaire to describe the overall studies of a person. Depending on the context, one says that a pupil obtient a diploma, that he passe an exam or that he poursuit his studies.


The stages of the educational journey
WordDefinition
📘BrevetThe brevet is a diploma obtained at the end of middle school.
🚪BacThe bac is the final diploma of high school.
🎒LicenceThe licence is a three-year university degree.
🏆MasterThe master is a higher level degree after the licence.
🌌DoctoratThe doctorat is the most advanced research degree.
🧭Parcours scolaireThe parcours scolaire is the set of study steps in a person’s life.
🛤️OrientationThe orientation is the choice of a field of study or future path.
🔁RedoublementThe redoublement is the act of repeating a class.
🖊️InscriptionThe inscription is the act of enrolling in a establishment.
✈️ÉchangeAn échange is a study period in another place or country.

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One does homework at home. One is on school holidays during the rest periods between terms or semesters. One says élève for primary and secondary school, and étudiant for higher education. The professeur teaches generally at middle school, high school or university, while the maître often designates the primary teacher. In daily life, these words come up when talking about schedules, registration, back to school and end of year.

Common expressions of school life
UsageExplanation
🏠HomeworkWe use faire ses devoirs to talk about school work done at home.
🌞Break periodWe use être en vacances scolaires to talk about a break in the school year.
👶Young learner statusWe say élève for a person enrolled in primary or secondary education.
🎒Adult learner statusWe say étudiant for a person pursuing higher education.
📚Person who teachesWe say professeur in a general or secondary/ university context.
👨‍🏫Primary school teacherWe say maître for a primary school teacher in common usage.
❓Asking for helpWe use poser une question when we want to get an explanation during the lesson.
🧠Revision momentWe use réviser to talk about reviewing lessons before an assessment.
🌟Success on an assessmentWe use avoir une bonne note to talk about a positive academic result.
📈Academic progressWe use faire des progrès to say a student is getting better over time.

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Last updated: Sat Aug 22, 2026, 5:27 PM