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Table of Contents

• Verb Types

  Overview of different types of German verbs, including regular, irregular, modal verbs, separable and inseparable verbs, and reflexive verbs.

  • Regular Verbs

    Explanation of how regular verbs (schwache Verben) are formed and conjugated in German, including rules for stem changes and endings.

  • Irregular (Strong) Verbs

    An overview of irregular (strong) verbs in German, including how they change stem vowels in different tenses and provide past participles for perfect tense formation. Use this guide to understand and conjugate strong verbs correctly.

  • Stem-Changing Verbs

    Stem-changing verbs in German, including how their stems change in different tenses and moods, along with common examples.

  • Reflexive Verbs

    Reflexive verbs are German verbs used with reflexive pronouns to indicate that the subject performs an action on itself. They express actions the subject does to or for itself.

  • Modal Verbs (dürfen, können, mögen, müssen, sollen, wollen)

    Modal verbs in German express ability, permission, necessity, desire, and obligation using six key verbs.

  • Separable and Inseparable Prefix Verbs
• Verb Conjugation

  Introduction to German verb conjugation

  • Present Tense (Präsens)

    The German present tense, called Präsens, is used to describe current actions, general truths, and even future events.

  • Past Tenses

    An overview of German past tenses, including Präteritum, Perfekt, and Plusquamperfekt for describing past events.

    • Perfekt (Present Perfect)

      The German Perfekt (Present Perfect) tense, explaining how to form and use it with auxiliary verbs haben and sein, past participles, and word order.

    • Präteritum (Simple Past)

      Präteritum (simple past) is a German verb tense used to describe actions or states that were completed in the past.

    • Plusquamperfekt (Past Perfect)

      The Plusquamperfekt is the German past perfect tense, used to describe actions that happened before another past event. It combines the simple past of auxiliary verbs haben or sein with the past participle.

  • Future Tense

    The future tense in German is used to talk about actions that will happen. It’s formed using the auxiliary verb werden and the infinitive of the main verb.

    • Futur I (Simple Future)

      German future tense called Futur I, showing “will” or “going to” actions using werden + infinitive.

    • Futur II (Future Perfect)

      Futur II in German expresses an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future. It’s formed with “werden” + past participle + “sein” or “haben” (in final position).

  • Conditional Tenses (Konditional)

    Conditional tenses in German, explaining how to express hypothetical situations, wishes, and polite requests using the German Konditional.

  • Subjunctive Mood (Konjunktiv I & II)

    The subjunctive mood in German, known as Konjunktiv, is used for indirect speech, hypothetical situations, and expressing wishes or politeness.

    • Indirect Speech

      Indirect Speech in German and English, including how to report statements, questions, and commands using konjunktiv I and preparatory phrases.

    • Wishes, Hypotheticals

      Explanation of how to express wishes and hypothetical situations in German using the subjunctive mood (Konjunktiv II). Includes rules and examples for forming and using these constructions. wishes, hypotheticals, subjunctive, Konjunktiv II, German grammar

• Verbal Aspects

  Understanding verbal aspects in German to express the nature of actions in time.

  • Use of Perfekt/Präteritum

    Differences between Perfekt and Präteritum in German and how to use each form correctly.

  • Progressive (am-Verb-ing)

    The German progressive form that describes ongoing actions using the formula am + Verb-ing (equivalent to English "I am verb-ing"). This construction emphasizes activity in progress.

• Infinitives

  Introduction to the infinitive form in German

  • Infinitiv mit/ohne zu

    In German, some verbs are used as infinitives with "zu" (Infinitiv mit zu), while others appear without "zu" (Infinitiv ohne zu). This happens in dependent clauses, modal verbs, verb constructions, and fixed expressions.

• Imperative Mood

  Introduction to the German imperative mood for giving commands and instructions.

  • Affirmative Commands

    Affirmative commands explain how to give positive orders or instructions in German using the imperative mood.

  • Negative Commands

    Negative commands in German, including how to form them and key rules. Part of our guide on German verbs and imperative mood.

Last updated: Wed Jun 18, 2025