- Nouns (Nomen/Substantive): Words for people, places, things, or ideas. Always capitalized in German.
- Pronouns (Pronomen): Words that replace nouns, like ich (I), du (you), er (he).
- Verbs (Verben): Action or state words. Verbs are conjugated to agree with the subject.
- Adjectives (Adjektive): Describe nouns and agree in gender, number, and case.
- Adverbs (Adverbien): Modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing information about how, when, or where.
- Prepositions (Präpositionen): Show relationships between nouns and other words, governing the case of the nouns they accompany.
- Conjunctions (Konjunktionen): Connect words, phrases, or clauses (e.g., und, aber, weil).
- Interjections (Interjektionen): Express emotions or reactions (e.g., oh!, ach!).
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Table of Contents
- Nouns
Basics of German nouns: gender, singular/plural, cases, and common rules.
- Gender (der, die, das)
Gender rules in German, including how to use the articles der, die, and das to identify noun gender.
- Plurals
German noun plural forms and rules, explaining how to form plurals and choose the correct article.
- Cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive)
German cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive) govern how nouns, pronouns, and articles change to indicate their role in a sentence.
- Gender Agreement
Gender agreement in German grammar, explaining how articles, adjectives, and pronouns must match the gender of nouns.
- Noun-Adjective Agreement
German noun-adjective agreement rules, including how adjectives change endings to match the gender, case, and number of the nouns they describe.
- Articles
Basics of German articles: definite, indefinite, and negative articles for gender, case, and number agreement.
- Definite Articles
Definite articles in German specify nouns and indicate their gender, number, and case. They translate to "the" in English.
- Indefinite Articles
German indefinite articles (ein, eine, ein) used for "a" or "an," including forms, grammar rules, examples, and exceptions.
- Negative Article (kein)
Negative article in German, used to negate nouns instead of using "nicht". Includes explanation, usage rules, and examples.
- Pronouns
Basics of German pronouns: personal, possessive, reflexive, demonstrative, relative, interrogative, and indefinite pronouns.
- Subject Pronouns
German subject pronouns, including their English meanings and usage examples in both languages.
- Direct Object Pronouns
German direct object pronouns replace nouns that receive the action directly in a sentence, indicating who or what the action is done to.
- Indirect Object Pronouns
Indirect object pronouns in German and English, explaining their role, usage, and differences.
- Reflexive Pronouns
Reflexive pronouns in German (sich, mich, dich, etc.) show the subject doing something to themselves and match the subject in person and number.
- Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns in German, including their forms, rules, and examples to show how they indicate ownership and agreement with nouns.
- Demonstrative Pronouns
German demonstrative pronouns, their forms, and usage rules for pointing out specific people or things. Includes examples in German and English.
- Relative Pronouns
German relative pronouns, their roles, and examples for connecting clauses and adding detail.
- Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns in German, including wer, was, and the w- pronouns, with their forms and usage in questions.
- Adjectives
Basics of German adjectives: their role, placement, endings, and how they agree with nouns in gender, number, and case.
- Descriptive Adjectives
Descriptive adjectives in German grammar, including how they modify nouns, rules for agreement with noun gender, number, and case, and examples.
- Comparative Adjectives
Comparative adjectives in German, including how to form them, usage rules, and examples to compare qualities between two entities.
- Superlative Adjectives
Superlative adjectives in German, which express the highest degree of a quality, including formation rules, usage, examples, and common irregular forms.
- Predicate and Attributive Adjectives
Predicate and attributive adjectives in German, including their placement, agreement rules, and examples in sentences.
- Adverbs
Introduction to German adverbs
- Frequency Adverbs
Frequency adverbs in German, including examples and information on word order to indicate how often actions occur.
- Manner Adverbs
Manner adverbs in German, which describe how an action is performed, including formation rules and examples.
- Degree Adverbs
Degree adverbs in German grammar, including their function, common examples, usage rules, and role in modifying verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
- Place Adverbs
German place adverbs, including examples and rules for expressing location and direction
- Time Adverbs
Time adverbs in German grammar, explaining how words that describe when actions happen, including examples and usage rules.
- Prepositions
Basics of German prepositions: types, cases they govern (accusative, dative, genitive), and common examples for everyday use.
- Accusative, Dative, Genitive Prepositions
Accusative, dative, and genitive prepositions in German, including lists of common prepositions, explanations of their roles in sentences, and how they determine the case of the articles and nouns that follow them.
- Two-way Prepositions (Wechselpräpositionen)
Two-way prepositions in German that can be used with either the accusative or dative case, indicating direction or location depending on context.
- Prepositions of Place
Prepositions of place in German, including definitions, usage rules, and examples for expressing location and spatial relationships.
- Prepositions of Time
German prepositions that indicate time, showing how to use auf, in, an, vor, um, etc. with examples.
- Conjunctions
Introduction to German conjunctions for connecting words, phrases, and clauses in grammar.
- Coordinating Conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions in German. Including examples, rules, and word order principles.
- Subordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunctions in German, describing how they connect dependent clauses and affect word order.
- Sentence Order Changes
German sentence order changes, including rules with conjunctions, time expressions, and more.
- Interjections
German interjections — short, expressive words that convey emotions or reactions in conversation.
Last updated: Wed Jun 18, 2025
