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看 kàn vs 长 zhǎng —— 看 vs 长 / 高

本模块比较中文中的三个常用词：看 (kàn)、长 (zhǎng)、高 (gāo)。了解它们的意思、用法差异以及在不同语境中的应用。

🇨🇳 中文🇬🇧 English🇪🇸 Español

核心定义

‘看’主要表示用眼睛观察。‘长’在这里主要表示生长或变长，也可以表示“成长”。‘高’表示高度大，用来描述人的身高或物体的高度。区分这三个词可以避免意思混淆。

'See' main denotes observing with the eyes. 'Grow' here mainly indicates growing or lengthening, and can also denote 'growth'. 'Tall' indicates a large height, used to describe a person's height or the height of objects. Distinguishing these three words helps avoid confusion of meaning.

Word/Phrase
🇬🇧 English
Word/Phrase
Definition
🇬🇧 English
Definition
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
看
See
用眼睛去观察。
Observe with the eyes.
我看见一只小猫。
I see a kitten.
长
Grow
生长或变长。
Grow or lengthen.
树长得很快。
The tree grows very fast.
高
Tall
高度大。
Tall in height; describes the height of people or objects.
这座山很高。
This mountain is tall.

‘看’用法

‘看’作动词时表示用眼睛观察，也可以引申为“看书”“看电影”“看一看”。‘看’后面常接人、物、动作或短语，表示观察或观看。

When 'see' is used as a verb, it means to observe with the eyes, and can also extend to 'read a book', 'watch a movie', or 'take a look'. It is commonly followed by a person, object, action, or phrase to indicate observing or watching.

Rule
🇬🇧 English
Rule
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
“看”表示用眼睛观察。
'See' indicates observing with the eyes.
我看老师在黑板上写字。
I see the teacher writing on the blackboard.
“看”可以表示阅读或观看。
'See' can denote reading or watching.
我们晚上一起看电影。
We will watch a movie together this evening.
“看一看”表示短暂地去观察。
'Take a look' indicates briefly observing.
你过来看看这本书。
Come over and take a look at this book.

‘长’用法

‘长’作动词时表示生长，如植物长高、人长大。‘长’也可以表示某物变长。“长大”常用来表示人成长。“长得+形容词”结构用来描述外貌或变化。

'长' as a verb means to grow, such as plants growing tall or people growing up. '长' can also indicate that something becomes longer. '长大' is commonly used to express human growth. The structure '长得+adjective' is used to describe appearance or change.

Rule
🇬🇧 English
Rule
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
“长”表示生长或变长。
'长' indicates growth or becoming longer.
春天花长得很快。
Flowers grow very fast in spring.
“长大”表示人成长。
'长大' indicates human growth.
孩子们慢慢长大了。
The children have grown up slowly.
“长得+形容词”描述外貌。
'长得+形容词' describes appearance.
他长得很高。
He looks tall.

‘高’用法

‘高’作形容词时表示高度大，可以形容人、楼、树等。‘高’也可以形容“水平高”或“声音高”，但本模块重点在“身高”或“物体高度”。“比…高”结构用来比较高度。

'高' as an adjective indicates a large height; can describe people, buildings, trees, etc. '高' can also describe 'high level' or 'loud' (sound), but this module focuses on height of people or objects. The structure '比…高' is used to compare heights.

Rule
🇬🇧 English
Rule
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
“高”表示高度大。
'高' indicates high height.
这棵树很高。
This tree is very tall.
“高”可以形容人的身高。
'高' can describe a person's height.
他比我高。
He is taller than me.
“比…高”用于比较高度。
'比…高' is used to compare heights.
这栋楼比那栋楼高。
This building is taller than that building.

“长得”结构

“长得”常用来描述人的外貌或状态，后面接形容词或形容词短语。“长得高”表示一个人变得高。“长得快”表示生长速度快。

'长得' is commonly used to describe a person's appearance or state, followed by adjectives or adjective phrases. '长得高' means a person has grown tall. '长得快' means growth is fast.

Word/Phrase
🇬🇧 English
Word/Phrase
Definition
🇬🇧 English
Definition
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
长得高
Looks tall
一个人或东西生长后高度变大。
A person or thing grows taller after growth.
我的弟弟今年长得很高。
My younger brother has grown quite tall this year.
长得快
Grows quickly
生长速度快。
Growth is fast.
这些小狗长得很快。
These puppies grow very fast.
长得漂亮
Looks pretty
外貌好看。
Appearance is good-looking.
她长得很漂亮。
She looks very pretty.

“看”常见搭配

“看”常和名词搭配，表示观看或访问。“看书”是阅读，“看医生”是去就诊，“看朋友”是去拜访朋友。这些搭配在口语中非常常见。

'See' often collocates with nouns to indicate viewing or visiting. 'Read books' means reading, 'see a doctor' means going to a doctor, 'see a friend' means visiting a friend. These collocations are very common in spoken language.

Word/Phrase
🇬🇧 English
Word/Phrase
Definition
🇬🇧 English
Definition
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
看书
Read books
阅读书本。
Read books.
晚上我在家看书。
I’m reading a book at home this evening.
看电影
See a movie
观看电影。
Watch a movie.
周末我们去看电影。
We’re going to see a movie this weekend.
看医生
See a doctor
去医院就诊。
Go to see a doctor.
他感冒了，去看医生。
He has a cold, so he went to see a doctor.
看朋友
See a friend
去拜访朋友。
Visit a friend.
明天我要去看朋友。
I’m going to see a friend tomorrow.

“高”比较结构

“比…高”用来比较两者的高度。“最高”表示在一组中高度最大。“不如…高”表示比对方矮。比较结构可以用来描述人和物体。

'比…高' is used to compare two heights. '最高' indicates the greatest height within a group. '不如…高' indicates being shorter. The comparative structure can be used to describe people and objects.

Rule
🇬🇧 English
Rule
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
“比…高”比较两者的高度。
'比…高' compares the heights of two things.
哥哥比我高。
My older brother is taller than me.
“最高”表示高度最大。
'最高' indicates the greatest height.
他是我们班最高的学生。
He is the tallest student in our class.
“不如…高”表示比较矮。
'不如…高' indicates being shorter.
我不如他高。
I’m not as tall as he is.

发音区分

“看”读作kàn，第四声，声音下去。“长”读作zhǎng，第三声，声音先降后升。“高”读作gāo，第一声，声音平稳。正确发音有助于和其他词区分。

'看' is pronounced kàn, fourth tone; '长' is zhǎng, third tone; '高' is gāo, first tone. Correct pronunciation helps distinguish from other words.

Word
🇬🇧 English
Word
Notation
🇬🇧 English
Notation
Description
🇬🇧 English
Description
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
看
See
kàn (4)
kàn (4)
“看”是第四声，声调直接下滑。
'See' is the fourth tone; the tone falls.
我看见你了。
I see you.
长
Grow
zhǎng (3)
zhǎng (3)
“长”是第三声，声调先降后升。
'Grow' is the third tone; the tone falls then rises.
她长得很高。
She looks very tall.
高
Tall
gāo (1)
gāo (1)
“高”是第一声，声调平稳。
'Tall' is the first tone; the tone is steady.
这堵墙很高。
This wall is very tall.

语境对比

在“我看他长得高”中，“看”是观察，“长得高”是描述生长后的高度。“他长得高”不等于“他高”，前者强调变化，后者是状态描述。在对话中，根据想表达的是观察、成长还是高度选择合适的词。

In 'I see him looks tall' (original '我看他长得高'), '看' is observation, while '长得高' describes height after growth. '他长得高' is not the same as '他高': the former emphasizes change, the latter is a state description. In conversation, choose the word according to whether you want to express observation, growth, or height.

Rule
🇬🇧 English
Rule
Example
🇬🇧 English
Example
“看”表达观察动作。
'See' expresses the act of observation.
我看他在运动场。
I am watching him on the sports field.
“长得高”强调生长结果。
'长得高' emphasizes the result of growth.
今年他长得高。
This year he has grown tall.
“高”描述当前高度。
'高' describes current height.
现在他很高。
He is very tall now.