地点副词
中文地点副词模块涵盖描述位置的副词，如"这里"、"那里"、"到那里"等。学习此模块可以帮助你在日常交流中准确表达地点和方向。
核心对比
“这里”指说话人所在的地方。“那里”指离说话人较远的一个特定地方。二者构成基本的指示对比，是地点副词使用的核心。
"Here" refers to the place where the speaker is. "There" refers to a specific place farther away from the speaker. The two form the basic demonstrative contrast and are core to the use of locative adverbs.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“这里”指说话人所在的位置。 | "Here" refers to the place where the speaker is. |  我在这里等你。 | I'm waiting here. 🧍♂️ |
“那里”指另一个特定的位置，通常离说话人较远。 | "There" refers to another specific location, usually farther away. |  我们去那里吃饭。 | Let's go there to eat. 🥢 |
近处远处
中文常用“这儿”与“那儿”表达近处和远处，意思分别对应“这里”和“那里”。口语中“这儿”“那儿”更常见，书面语中“这里”“那里”更常见。
Chinese commonly uses "这儿" and "那儿" to express near and far, corresponding to "here" and "there". In spoken language, "这儿"/"那儿" are more common; in written language, "这里"/"那里" are more common.
Region | 🇬🇧 English Region | Word/Phrase | 🇬🇧 English Word/Phrase | Regional Definition | 🇬🇧 English Regional Definition | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 普通话 | Mandarin Chinese 🀄️ |  这儿 | 这儿 👈 | “这儿”等于“这里”，在口语中常用。 | "This here" equals "这里", commonly used in speech. |  你坐在这儿吧。 | You sit here. 🪑 |
| 普通话 | Mandarin Chinese 🀄️ |  那儿 | 那儿 👉 | “那儿”等于“那里”，在口语中常用。 | "There" equals "那里", commonly used in speech. |  他在那儿工作。 | He works there. 💼 |
方向副词
“这边”和“那边”表示方向或一侧，常用于指向或对比两处。“这边”偏向说话人一侧，“那边”偏向相对的一侧。
"This side" and "That side" indicate direction or one side; they are often used to point to or contrast two places. "This side" tends toward the speaker, and "That side" toward the opposite side.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“这边”指靠近说话人或谈话焦点的一侧。 | "This side" refers to the side closer to the speaker or the focus of the conversation. |  我们这边人多一点。 | There are more people on our side. 🧑🤝🧑 |
“那边”指较远或相对另一侧的位置。 | "That side" refers to a farther or opposite side location. |  那边比较安静。 | That side is quieter. 🤫 |
目的地表达
“到这里”表示到达说话人所在处。“到那里”表示到达另一个特定地点。这类结构常结合动词表示移动和到达。
"To here" indicates moving and arriving at the speaker's location. "To there" indicates moving and arriving at that specific place. This type of construction often combines with verbs indicating movement and arrival.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“到这里”表示移动并到达说话人所在的位置。 | "To here" indicates moving and arriving at the speaker's location. |  你怎么到这里来的？ | How did you get here? 🚗 |
“到那里”表示移动并到达那个特定的地方。 | "To there" indicates moving and arriving at that specific place. |  明天我要到那里。 | I'll go there tomorrow. 🗓️ |
起点表达
“从这里”表示从说话人所在处出发。“从那里”表示从另一个地方出发。常用于描述路线或动作的起点。
"From here" indicates starting from the speaker's location. "From there" indicates starting from another place. They are commonly used to describe the starting point of routes or actions.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“从这里”表示以说话人所在处为起点。 | "From here" indicates starting from the speaker's location. |  从这里走五分钟就到了。 | From here, it takes five minutes to get there. ⏱️ |
“从那里”表示以另一个地方为起点。 | "From there" indicates starting from another place. |  他从那里打电话给我。 | He called me from there. ☎️ |
具体位置词
“上面”“下面”“里面”“外面”用于具体描述方位，常与“这儿”“那儿”组合。“旁边”表示靠近的位置，也可以与指示词组合。
"Above","Below","Inside","Outside" are used to describe specific positions; they are often combined with "here" or "there". "Beside" means near and can also be combined with demonstratives.
Word/Phrase | 🇬🇧 English Word/Phrase | Definition | 🇬🇧 English Definition | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 上面 | Above 🆙 | “上面”表示较高或在某物之上。 | "Above" indicates higher or on top of something. |  书在桌子上面。 | The book is on top of the table. 📚 |
 下面 | Below 🆓 | “下面”表示较低或在某物之下。 | "Below" indicates lower or beneath something. |  猫在椅子下面。 | The cat is under the chair. 🐈 |
 里面 | Inside 🏠 | “里面”表示内部。 | "Inside" indicates internal. |  钥匙在包里面。 | The keys are inside the bag. 🗝️ |
 外面 | Outside 🌳 | “外面”表示外部或户外。 | "Outside" indicates exterior or outdoors. |  他在外面等我们。 | He is waiting outside. ⏳ |
 旁边 | Beside 🤝 | “旁边”表示紧靠的位置。 | "Beside" indicates a position right next to. | 你可以坐在我旁边。 | You can sit beside me. 🪑 |
问“哪里”
“哪里”用于询问地点，相当于“where”。回答时通常用具体地点词，也可以用“这里”或“那里”作简略回答。
"Where" is used to ask about a location, equivalent to "where". In answers, usually use a specific place term, or you can respond succinctly with "here" or "there".
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“哪里”用来询问地点。 | "Where" is used to ask about a location. |  你去哪儿？ | Where are you going? 🚌 |
回答可以用“这里”或具体地点。 | Answers can use "here" or a specific location. |  我在这里。 | I am here. 👋 |
搭配动词
“来”常与“这里”或“这儿”搭配，表示朝说话人运动。“去”常与“那里”或“那儿”搭配，表示离开说话人去另一个地方。
"Come" is often paired with "here" or "this side" to indicate movement toward the speaker. "Go" is often paired with "there" or "that side" to indicate movement away from the speaker to another place.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“来”配“这里”表示朝说话人运动。 | "Come" paired with "here" indicates movement toward the speaker. |  请到这里来。 | Please come here. 🫴 |
“去”配“那里”表示向另一处运动。 | "Go" paired with "there" indicates movement toward another place. |  我要去那里。 | I’m going there. 🚶♀️ |
省略与重复
在对话中，如果上下文明确，可以省略具体地点，只保留“这里”或“那里”。重复使用“那里”可以加强指向同一地点的连贯性。
In conversation, if the context is clear, you can omit the specific location and only say "here" or "there". Repetition of "there" can maintain pointing to the same location within a dialogue.
Rule | 🇬🇧 English Rule | Example | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
上下文明确时可以只说“这里”或“那里”作为回答。 | Context makes it clear you can respond with only "here" or "there". |  （A：你在哪儿？） B：这里。 | (A: Where are you?) B: Here. 📱 |
重复“那里”可在对话中持续指同一地点。 | Repeating "there" can keep pointing to the same location in a conversation. |  那里昨天也很热，那里人很多。 | There was heat there yesterday, and there were many people there. ☀️ |
小结
“这里”“那里”区分说话人近远，“这边”“那边”侧重方向或分区，“到这里”“到那里”表达到达，“从这里”“从那里”表达起点。掌握这些词可以准确描述位置和移动。
"Here" and "There" distinguish the speaker's proximity; "This side" and "That side" emphasize direction or partition; "To here" and "To there" express arrival; "From here" and "From there" express starting points. Mastering these words helps you describe location and movement accurately.