语境中的变调
本模块集中于中文语境中的变调规则，帮助学习者掌握不同情境下的声调变化。通过实例和练习，提升你的发音准确度和表达自如度。
变调概念
变调是指一个音节的原有声调在特定语音环境下发生系统性变化。汉语普通话中，变调主要依赖相邻音节的组合而不是词性。掌握变调规则有助于口语流畅和听力辨析。变调不改变词义，但改变语流自然度。
Tone sandhi refers to the systematic change of a syllable's original tone in a specific phonetic environment. In Mandarin, tone sandhi primarily depends on the combination of adjacent syllables rather than part of speech. Mastering tone sandhi rules helps with spoken fluency and listening discrimination. Tone sandhi does not change lexical meaning, but it changes the naturalness of the speech flow.
三声连读
普通话中，两个连续的三声相邻时，前一个音节常变为二声，后一个音节保持三声。这一规则在词组和短句中都适用。三声变二声主要依靠语流，不依赖书写。
In Mandarin, when two consecutive third tones occur adjacent, the first syllable often changes to the second tone, while the second syllable remains the third tone. This rule applies in phrases and short sentences. The shift to the second tone mainly relies on the fluency of speech and does not depend on spelling.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
两个连续三声时，前一个变为二声，后一个保持三声。 | Two consecutive third tones, the first becomes second tone, the second remains third tone. |  我想买米 | I want to buy rice 🎫 |
三个连续三声时，中间一个通常变为二声。 | Three consecutive third tones, the middle one usually becomes second tone. |  你很好吗 | Are you okay 🤔 |
三声词组
常见三声词组在实际语音中稳定出现三声变调。词组内部先应用变调，再与上下文拼接。熟练词组有助于自动化变调处理。
Common third-tone phrases stabilize with tone sandhi in actual speech. Within a phrase, tone sandhi is applied first, then connected to the surrounding context. Proficient phrases help with automated tone sandhi processing.
词组 | 🇬🇧 English Phrase | 定义 | 🇬🇧 English Definition | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 你好 | Hello 👋 | 三声加三声，前一个变二声。 | Third-tone plus third-tone, the first becomes second tone. |  你好，请进 | Hello, please come in 🚪 |
 很好 | Very good 🌱 | 三声加三声，前一个变二声。 | Third-tone plus third-tone, the first becomes second tone. |  他很好，现在在家 | He is very good, now at home 🏡 |
 水果 | Fruit 🍎 | 三声加三声，前一个变二声。 | Third-tone plus third-tone, the first becomes second tone. |  我想买水果 | I want to buy fruit 👜 |
“也”变调
“也”在三声前面时，常和前后三声一起参与三声变调。“也”在此环境下优先保持句子自然音调。实际语流中，整体听感比单字声调更重要。
When 'also' precedes a third tone, it often participates in tone sandhi with the surrounding third tones. In this environment, 'also' tends to preserve the sentence's natural intonation. In actual speech, the overall feel is more important than the tone of a single word.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
三声+“也”+三声，通常中间“也”变为二声。 | Third tone + 'also' + third tone, usually the middle 'also' becomes second tone. |  我也想去 | I also want to go 🚌 |
“也”前后都是三声时，往往形成二二三。 | 'Also' before and after are both third tones, it often forms a 2-2-3 pattern. |  你也可以买 | You can also buy 🛒 |
一的变调
“一”在普通话中根据后面音节的声调发生变调。一般规则是“高平一”和“阳平一”根据后字的调类切换。变调后仍然写作“一”，只在发音上变化。
'One' changes tone in Mandarin depending on the tone of the following syllable. The general rule is that in front of a 4th tone, 'one' is pronounced as the second tone, and in front of 1st, 2nd, or 3rd tones, it is pronounced as the fourth tone. After tone sandhi, it remains written as 'one', with only the pronunciation changing.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“一”在四声前读二声。 | 'One' before a 4th tone is pronounced as the rising second tone. |  一天以后 | A day later 📅 |
“一”在一二三声前读四声。 | 'One' before 1st/2nd/3rd tones is pronounced as the fourth tone. |  一百个人 | One hundred people 👥 |
不的变调
“不”在四声前变为二声，在其他声调前通常保持四声。这个规则在慢读和快读中都很稳定。日常对话中，“不”+四声最常见于动词和形容词。
'Not' changes to second tone before a fourth tone, and before other tones it typically remains the fourth tone. This rule is stable in slow and fast speech. In everyday conversation, 'not' + fourth tone is most common with verbs and adjectives.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
“不”在四声前读二声。 | 'Not' is pronounced as second tone before a fourth tone. |  不是这样 | Not like this 🧭 |
“不”在非四声前读四声。 | 'Not' before non-fourth tones is pronounced as the fourth tone. |  不可以这样 | Not possible like this 🛑 |
语句流变
长句中，变调先在小单元（词组或短语）内部应用，再连接成完整语流。语句流变依赖声调运行，而不是机械叠加。让语流顺畅比单字逐个强调更自然。
In long sentences, tone sandhi is first applied within small units (phrases) and then connected into the full utterance. Prosodic flow relies on tonal movement, not mechanical stacking. Making the speech flow smooth is more natural than emphasizing each word by itself.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
长句中，先词组内部变调，再整句连读。 | In long sentences, tone sandhi first within phrases, then read the whole sentence smoothly. |  你也很好，我也想去看电影 | You are very good, I also want to go see a movie 🎬 |
语流中优先保持自然起伏，而不是单字平分重音。 | Prosodic flow prioritizes natural rise and fall, rather than dividing emphasis evenly per word. |  我们下午一起去买水果 | Let's go buy fruit this afternoon 🏬 |
变调与重音
变调决定音高曲线，重音决定哪一部分更突出。在普通话中，变调先应用，然后在句子层面分配重音。重音变化不会取消已发生的变调。
Tone sandhi determines pitch contour, stress determines which part is more prominent. In Mandarin, tone sandhi is applied first, then sentence-level stress allocation. Stress changes do not cancel already-applied tone sandhi.
规则 | 🇬🇧 English Rule | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|
变调先于重音，句子重点可单独标出。 | Tone sandhi precedes stress; sentence emphasis can be marked separately. |  不是我说的，我也不知道 | It's not what I said, I don't know either 🤷 |
重音改变突出部分，但三声变调仍然保留。 | Stress shifts the highlighted portion, but tone sandhi for the third tone remains. |  你很好，不用担心 | You're very good, no need to worry 😊 |
方言对比
不同汉语方言对三声连读和“一”“不”的变调可能有不同处理。普通话规则在国家通用语境下最常用。在多方言环境中，区分本地语音习惯和普通话变调有助于清晰表达。
Different Chinese dialects may handle third-tone sandhi and the tones of 'one' and 'not' differently. Mandarin rules are most common in national-standard contexts. In multilingual dialect environments, distinguishing local speech habits from Mandarin tone sandhi helps clear expression.
地区 | 🇬🇧 English Region | 词语/短语 | 🇬🇧 English Word/Phrase | 区域定义 | 🇬🇧 English Regional Definition | 例句 | 🇬🇧 English Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 华北 | North China 🀄 |  三声连读 | Third-tone sandhi | 普通话以二三为主，方言可能保留更平稳的低调。 | Mandarin generally uses 2-3 tones; dialects may preserve a smoother, lower tone. | 普通话：你好，请进 | Mandarin: Hello, please come in 🚪 |
 江南 | Yangtze River Delta / Jiangnan ☔ |  一的变调 | Tone changes of 'one' 📏 | 普通话“一”前四后二，部分方言可能“一”高低变化不完全相同。 | In Mandarin, 'one' before 4th and 2nd tones; some dialects may not fully align with 'one' tone variation. | 普通话：一百个人 | Mandarin: One hundred people 👥 |
应用小结
掌握三声变调、“一”和“不”的变调，是普通话自然发音的核心环节。在实际对话中，优先让词组和短语顺畅连读。持续听辨和模仿语流，有助于巩固变调运用。
Mastering tone sandhi for the 'third tone', and the sandhi of 'one' and 'not', is a core part of natural Mandarin pronunciation. In real conversations, prioritize smooth linking of phrases and chunks. Continuous listening and imitation of speech flow helps consolidate tone sandhi usage.