A statement is a sentence type used to give information, describe something, or express an opinion. In English, statements usually follow a predictable subject-verb order so the listener can quickly identify who or what the sentence is about and what happens. Statements can be affirmative or negative, and they can be short or expanded with extra details. This module focuses on how English builds statements clearly and correctly.

Most English statements use Subject + Verb + Object or Complement. The subject is who or what the sentence is about, the verb shows the action or state, and the object or complement completes the meaning. Keeping this order is especially important in English because word order carries a lot of grammatical information. Extra information like time and place is usually added after the core sentence.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Subject + Verb	✅ 主语 + 谓语	She 🟩 laughs.	🟦 她 🟩 笑。
Subject + Verb + Object	✅ 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语	They 🟩 play 🟨 soccer.	🟦 他们 🟩 踢 🟨 足球。
Subject + Verb + Complement	✅ 主语 + 谓语 + 补语	He 🟩 is 🟨 tired.	🟦 他 🟩 是 🟨 累的。
Add details after the core clause	✅ 将细节放在核心子句之后	We 🟩 met 🟨 yesterday at the café.	🟦 我们 🟩 昨天 🟨 在咖啡馆 相遇。

The subject is the person, thing, or idea that does the action or is in a state. Subjects can be a single noun, a pronoun, a name, or a longer noun phrase with determiners and adjectives. English requires an explicit subject in most statements, even when the meaning feels obvious. The choice of subject affects verb form, especially in the present simple.

English statements use different verb types: action verbs, linking verbs, and auxiliary verbs. Action verbs describe what someone does, while linking verbs connect the subject to a description or identity. Auxiliary verbs help form tenses, negatives, and emphasis, often working with a main verb. Understanding the verb type helps you choose the right structure for the rest of the statement.

Word/Phrase	🇨🇳 中文 单词/短语	Definition	🇨🇳 中文 定义	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
action verb	🏷️ 行动动词	shows an action	📝 表示一个动作	She runs fast.	🗣️ 她 跑得很快。
linking verb	🏷️ 系动词	connects to a description or identity	📝 将主语与描述或身份连接起来	He is happy.	🗣️ 他 很高兴。
auxiliary verb	🏷️ 助动词	helps form tense, negatives, emphasis	📝 帮助构成时态、否定和强调	They are working.	🗣️ 他们 在 工作。

After the verb, English statements may use an object, a complement, or both. A direct object receives the action of the verb, while an indirect object is the recipient. Complements complete the meaning after linking verbs or certain main verbs by describing or identifying the subject or object. Choosing the correct element after the verb makes the statement grammatically complete and clear.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Direct object after many action verbs	✅ 直接宾语在许多及物动词之后	I 🟩 read 🟨 the article.	🟦 我 🟩 读 🟨 那篇 文章。
Indirect object before direct object is common	✅ 间接宾语在直接宾语之前很常见	She 🟩 gave 🟧 me 🟨 a key.	🟦 她 🟩 给 🟧 我 🟨 一把 钥匙。
Use a complement after linking verbs	✅ 在系动词后使用补语	The soup 🟩 tastes 🟨 salty.	🟦 这 汤 🟩 吃起来 🟨 咸。
Object complement can describe the object	✅ 宾语补语可以描述宾语	They 🟩 called 🟨 him 🟪 a hero.	🟦 他们 🟩 称呼 🟨 他 🟪 为 英雄。

Statements often include adverbials that answer questions like when, where, how, or how often. In general, English places many of these details toward the end of the clause, after the object or complement. A common pattern is manner, place, then time, but English is flexible depending on what you want to emphasize. Keeping details in a natural order makes statements sound fluent and easy to follow.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Put place and time after the object	✅ 将地点和时间放在宾语之后	We 🟩 watched 🟨 a movie 🟫 at home 🟫 last night.	🟦 我们 🟩 在家 🟨 昨晚 看 了一部 电影。
Common order: manner, place, time	✅ 常见顺序：方式、地点、时间	She 🟩 spoke 🟫 quietly 🟫 in the meeting 🟫 this morning.	🟦 她 🟩 静静 地 🟫 在 会议 上 🟫 今晨 说话。
Frequency adverbs often go before the main verb	✅ 频率副词通常放在主要动词之前	They 🟫 usually 🟩 eat 🟨 here.	🟦 他们 🟫 通常 🟩 在 这里 吃。
Frequency adverbs go after be	✅ 频率副词跟在 be 之后	He 🟩 is 🟫 often 🟨 late.	🟦 他 🟩 经常 🟫 迟到。

To make a negative statement in English, you usually use not with an auxiliary verb. If there is no auxiliary in the present simple or past simple, English uses do, does, or did plus not, and the main verb stays in the base form. With be, you add not directly to the verb. Negative statements keep the same word order as affirmative statements, with the negation placed in the verb phrase.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Use be + not	✅ 使用 be + not	She 🟩 is not 🟨 ready.	🟦 她 🟩 还没 🟨 准备好。
Use auxiliary + not	✅ 使用助动词 + not	They 🟩 have not 🟨 finished.	🟦 他们 🟩 尚未 🟨 完成。
Use do-support in present simple	✅ 在一般现在时中使用 do-助动词	He 🟩 does not 🟨 know.	🟦 他 🟩 不 知道。
Use do-support in past simple	✅ 在一般过去时中使用 do-助动词	We 🟩 did not 🟨 agree.	🟦 我们 🟩 没有 🟨 同意。

English statements often contrast simple and continuous forms to show different meanings. The simple form commonly expresses habits, facts, and completed actions, while the continuous form emphasizes an action in progress or a temporary situation. Choosing between them changes what your statement communicates about time and duration. Continuous forms require a form of be plus the -ing verb.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Simple for habits or general truths	✅ 用于习惯或一般真理的简单时态	She 🟩 works 🟨 on Mondays.	🟦 她 🟩 在周一 🟨 工作。
Simple for completed past actions	✅ 用于表示过去已完成的动作的简单时态	They 🟩 arrived 🟨 early.	🟦 他们 🟩 提前 🟨 到达。
Continuous for action in progress	✅ 用于正在进行的动作的进行时态	I 🟩 am working 🟨 now.	🟦 我 🟩 现在 🟨 正在 工作。
Continuous for temporary situations	✅ 用于临时情况的进行时态	He 🟩 is living 🟨 in Berlin this year.	🟦 他 🟩 今年 🟨 居住 在 柏林。

Statements can be combined to express more complex meaning using connectors and clause structure. Coordinating conjunctions join two similar ideas, while subordinating conjunctions add reasons, time relationships, or contrast. You can also use relative clauses to add information about a noun. Clear linking helps your statements flow while keeping grammar organized.

Word/Phrase	🇨🇳 中文 词/短语	Definition	🇨🇳 中文 定义	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
and	🔗 与	adds information	📝 增加信息	She called and left a message.	🗣️ 她 打电话 并 留下 一条 消息。
but	🔗 但是	shows contrast	📝 显示对比	I want to go, but I feel sick.	🗣️ 我想去，但我感觉不适。
because	🔗 因为	gives a reason	📝 给出原因	He stayed home because it was raining.	🗣️ 他 留在家里，因为 下雨。
when	🔗 什么时候	links to a time clause	📝 连接到时间从句	I smiled when I saw her.	🗣️ 我看到她 时 我 微笑。
who, that	🔗 who, that	adds a relative clause	📝 增加关系从句	The person who helped me was kind.	🗣️ 帮助我的人 很善良。

English can adjust statements to emphasize certain information without changing the basic meaning. You can add auxiliary do for emphasis in the present or past simple, move a phrase to the front for focus, or use cleft structures to highlight one element. These choices affect tone and what the listener notices first. Even with emphasis, statements still keep a clear subject and verb structure.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
Use do for emphasis in simple tenses	✅ 在简单时态中使用 do 进行强调	I 🟩 do 🟨 understand.	🟦 我 🟩 确实 🟨 理解。
Front a time or place phrase for focus	✅ 将时间或地点短语移到前面以聚焦	Yesterday 🟦 we 🟩 met 🟨 the manager.	🟫 昨天 🟦 我们 🟩 见了 🟨 经理。
Use a cleft to highlight one element	✅ 使用分裂句来突出一个要素	It was 🟨 John 🟩 who called.	🟦 打电话的人 🟩 是 🟨 John。

Written statements typically end with a period, and spoken statements usually have falling intonation. Commas help separate introductory phrases, extra information, and items in a list, making the structure easier to read. English punctuation supports meaning by showing grouping and pauses, especially in longer statements. Keeping punctuation consistent helps your statements sound natural in writing and clear when read aloud.

Rule	🇨🇳 中文 规则	Example	🇨🇳 中文 示例
End a statement with a period	✅ 以句点结束陈述	The meeting starts at nine.	🗣️ 会议 在 九点 开始。
Use a comma after an introductory phrase	✅ 在引导短语后使用逗号	In the evening, we usually cook at home.	🗣️ 傍晚，我们通常在家做饭。
Use commas in lists	✅ 在列表中使用逗号	We bought bread, fruit, and cheese.	🗣️ 我们买了面包、水果和奶酪。
Falling intonation is typical in speech	✅ 口语中常见降调	I finished the report.	🗣️ 我完成了报告。