Problem and issue are both nouns that describe situations needing attention, but they focus on different aspects:
  • A problem is a difficulty or obstacle that requires a solution. It usually implies something negative that disrupts normal functioning.
  • An issue is a matter of concern, topic, or subject that is open for discussion, debate, or consideration. It may not always be negative—sometimes it’s simply something to be addressed.
AspectProblemIssue
NatureDifficulty, obstacleMatter of concern, topic
ConnotationNegativeNeutral to negative
FocusSolution neededDiscussion or consideration
UsageWhen something goes wrongWhen something is raised or dealt with
Problem
'Issue' can be neutral or negative.
'Issue' is used for matters of concern, topics, or situations raised for discussion.
A problem can be considered an issue, but not all issues are problems.
'Problem' typically involves a difficulty with negative impact requiring a solution.
'Issue' is more flexible, covering concerns, topics, and problems.
'Issue' can mean concern, topic, or matter.
'Issue' is used in a wide range of contexts, both personal and professional.