The seasons are the four distinct periods of the year marked by specific weather patterns, daylight hours, and natural changes. In English, we commonly refer to them as spring, summer, autumn (or fall), and winter. Each season has its own vocabulary for typical activities, clothing, and weather.
- Spring: A1-A2: Rebirth and renewal; warmer weather, flowers bloom, and days get longer.
- Summer: A1-A2: The hottest season; people enjoy vacations, outdoor activities, and long sunny days.
- Autumn/Fall: A1-A2: Cooling weather; leaves change color and fall; harvest time.
- Winter: A1-A2: The coldest season; snow and ice may appear; days are shortest; holidays are celebrated.
Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter are the four main seasons.
Spring comes after winter.
Typical summer activities include going to the beach, swimming, and having barbecues.
Another word for 'autumn' is 'fall'.
Snow, cold, and ice are associated with winter.
Spring
Spring is the season of renewal when flowers bloom, trees grow new leaves, and temperatures start to rise. People often talk about getting rainy weather, wearing lighter clothes, and enjoying longer daylight.
- Spring marks the end of winter and the beginning of warmer weather.
- Typical spring words: flower, rain, umbrella, breeze, planting, Easter.
- Days become longer, and many animals have their babies during this time.
Plants start to grow and bloom during spring.
Common signs of spring are flowers blooming, warmer weather, and more daylight.
People often plant flowers and vegetables in their gardens during spring.
Easter is a common spring holiday.
Rain, wind, and showers are linked to spring weather.
Light jackets and raincoats are suitable for spring.
Typical spring activities include gardening, spring cleaning, and enjoying outdoor walks.
Summer
Summer is the warmest season, known for long sunny days, vacations, and outdoor fun like swimming and barbecues. Schools usually have a long break, and people enjoy traveling.
- Summer has the longest daylight hours of the year.
- Typical summer words: hot, sunny, swimsuit, ice cream, vacation, barbecue, beach.
- Many people enjoy water sports and outdoor festivals during summer.
Summer has the longest days of sunlight.
Popular summer activities include swimming, traveling, and eating ice cream.
People wear light clothes like shorts and T-shirts in summer.
Hot, sunny, and humid describe summer weather.
Children usually have the longest school break in summer.
Ice cream, watermelon, and barbecue are common summer foods.
The beach is a common summer holiday destination.
Outdoor concerts, festivals, and fireworks are typical summer events.
Autumn
Autumn, also known as fall, is when the weather cools down, leaves change color and fall off trees, and people often harvest crops. It's a season of transition from summer to winter.
- Autumn marks the end of the growing season for many plants.
- Leaves turn red, orange, and yellow before falling.
- Typical autumn words: leaf, harvest, pumpkin, sweater, Thanksgiving, windy.
Leaves change color and fall off the trees during autumn.
Raking leaves, picking apples, and carving pumpkins are typical autumn activities.
You usually wear sweaters and jackets in autumn.
Thanksgiving is celebrated in autumn in the USA.
Cool, windy, and crisp describe autumn weather.
Another word for 'autumn' is 'fall'.
Pumpkin, apple cider, and squash are typical autumn foods.
The equinox marks the start of autumn.
Winter
Winter is the coldest season, often associated with snow, ice, and short days. People wear warm clothes like coats, hats, and gloves. Winter also includes important holidays like Christmas and New Year's.
- Winter has the shortest daylight hours.
- Typical winter words: cold, snowflake, scarf, freeze, hot chocolate, sled, fireplace.
- Many places experience frost or blizzards in winter.
You wear coats, scarves, and gloves to stay warm in winter.
In winter, days get shorter, temperatures drop, and snowfall is possible.
Common winter activities include skiing, snowboarding, and ice skating.
Snowy, icy, and freezing describe typical winter weather.
Christmas is celebrated in winter.
Typical winter foods include soup, hot chocolate, and roast dinners.
Winter officially starts at the winter solstice.
Typical winter holidays include Christmas, Hanukkah, and New Year's Eve.
Conclusion
Seasons are a fundamental part of how we understand and organize the year, and each one brings its own unique vocabulary and cultural significance. Learning about the seasons helps you describe the world around you and participate in conversations about weather, holidays, and activities.
- Four main seasons: spring, summer, autumn (fall), winter
- Each season has distinctive weather, activities, and vocabulary
- Seasonal knowledge connects you to nature and cultural traditions