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语序

中文语序模块涵盖基本的句子结构和词序规则。学习如何正确排列词语，构建完整的句子，包括陈述句、疑问句和否定句。

🇨🇳 中文🇬🇧 English🇪🇸 Español

主谓结构

汉语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语在后。主语说明句子的话题，谓语说明主语的动作或状态。这个结构可以表达完整的意思。

The most basic Chinese word order is subject first, then the predicate. The subject indicates the topic of the sentence, and the predicate indicates the action or state of the subject. This structure can express a complete meaning.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
主语在前，谓语在后。
Subject first, predicate second.
🍚我吃饭。
I eat a meal. 🍚
主语是句子的主题。
The subject is the topic of the sentence.
📖他喜欢中文。
He likes Chinese. 📖
谓语可以是动作或状态。
The predicate can be an action or a state.
☀️天气很好。
The weather is nice. ☀️

主谓宾

主谓宾结构是“主语＋谓语＋宾语”。宾语说明动作涉及的人或事物。这样的句子表达“谁做什么”。

The subject-verb-object structure is 'subject + predicate + object'. The object indicates the person or thing involved in the action. Such sentences express 'who did what'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
主语在前，谓语在中，宾语在后。
Subject first, predicate in the middle, object last.
🍵我喝茶。
I drink tea. 🍵
宾语通常紧跟在动词后面。
The object typically follows the verb.
🎬他们看电影。
They watch a movie. 🎬
“谁＋做＋什么”是常见表达。
'Who + did + what' is a common expression.
👩‍🏫老师讲课。
The teacher gives a lesson. 👩‍🏫

时间词位置

时间词一般放在句首或主语后，表示动作发生的时间。常用顺序是“时间＋主语＋谓语＋宾语”或“主语＋时间＋谓语＋宾语”。

Time words are generally placed at the beginning of the sentence or after the subject, indicating when the action occurs. Common orders are 'time + subject + predicate + object' or 'subject + time + predicate + object'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
时间词可以放在句首。
Time words can be placed at the beginning of the sentence.
📚今天我学习中文。
Today I study Chinese. 📚
时间词可以放在主语后。
Time words can be placed after the subject.
📚我今天学习中文。
I study Chinese today. 📚
时间词一般不放在动词和宾语之间。
Time words are generally not placed between the verb and the object.
👋我明天见你。
I will see you tomorrow. 👋

地点词位置

地点词常放在动词前，结构是“主语＋（时间）＋在＋地点＋动词＋宾语”。“在＋地点”组成的短语说明动作发生的地方。

Location words typically come before the verb. The structure is 'subject + (time) + 在 + location + verb + object'. The '在 + location' phrase indicates where the action takes place.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
地点词常放在动词前。
Location words are often placed before the verb.
🏡我在家工作。
I work at home. 🏡
“在＋地点”通常紧跟时间或主语。
'在 + location' usually follows time or subject.
🏫他上午在学校上课。
He has class at school in the morning. 🏫
地点词也可和时间词一起用。
Location words can also be used with time words.
📖明天在图书馆见面。
See you tomorrow at the library. 📖

方式与工具

方式和工具一般放在动词前，常用结构是“主语＋（时间）＋（在＋地点）＋用＋工具＋动词＋宾语”。“用＋工具”说明怎么做。

Manners and tools are generally placed before the verb. The common structure is 'subject + (time) + (在 + location) + 用 + tool + verb + object'. 'Use + tool' indicates how something is done.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
“用＋工具”放在动词前。
'Use + tool' construction is placed before the verb.
📱我用手机上网。
I use my phone to go online. 📱
方式短语常放在地点后、动词前。
Manner phrases are often placed after the location and before the verb.
💻他在家用电脑学习。
He studies at home using a computer. 💻
工具短语不夹在动词和宾语之间。
Tool phrases are not placed between the verb and the object.
💌她用中文写信。
She writes letters in Chinese. 💌

否定句

常用否定词“没”和“不”放在动词前。“不”否定习惯、状态或将来，“没”否定过去的动作或结果。“没”常与“有”搭配为“没有”。

Common negation words '没' and '不' are placed before the verb. 'Not' negates habits, states, or future actions; '没' negates past actions or results. '没' is often paired with '有' to form '没有'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
否定词放在动词前。
Negation word is placed before the verb.
☕我不喝咖啡。
I don't drink coffee. ☕
“没”常否定过去的动作。
'没' commonly negates past actions.
⏳他没来。
He didn't come. ⏳
“没有”表示“not have”。
'没有' means 'not have'.
🕒我没有时间。
I don't have time. 🕒

疑问句

汉语常用“吗”构成一般疑问句，把“吗”放在句末，语序不变。也可以用疑问词提问，疑问词在句中占信息的位置，语序通常保持主谓宾。

In Chinese, the particle '吗' is commonly used to form yes-no questions by placing it at the end of the sentence, without changing the word order. Question words can also be used to ask questions; the question word occupies the information position in the sentence, and the order usually remains SVO.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
“吗”放在句末，语序不变。
'吗' is placed at the end; word order unchanged.
🍵你喜欢茶吗？
Do you like tea? 🍵
疑问词在句中占答案的位置。
Question words occupy the position where the answer goes.
🚌你去哪儿？
Where are you going? 🚌
主谓宾结构在疑问句中通常不变。
The subject–verb–object structure typically stays the same in questions.
🕵️他是谁？
Who is he? 🕵️

动词重叠

动词重叠表示时间短、次数少或尝试，结构一般是“动词＋动词”。重叠后，宾语仍然放在动词后，保持主谓宾顺序。

Verb reduplication indicates a short time, a small number of times, or an attempt. The structure is generally 'verb + verb'. After reduplication, the object remains after the verb, preserving the SVO order.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
动词可以重叠表示“试一试”。
Verbs can reduplicate to mean 'have a try'.
👀我看看。
Let me have a look. 👀
重叠后宾语仍在动词后。
Reduplication after that the object remains after the verb.
🎲你试试这个。
Try this. 🎲
重叠不改变基本语序。
Reduplication does not change the basic word order.
💬老师说说自己的想法。
The teacher shares his/her own thoughts. 💬

定语位置

定语放在所修饰的名词前面。常见定语有“的”短语、形容词、数量词和动词性短语。结构是“定语＋名词”。

Modifiers come before the noun they modify. Common modifiers include '的' phrases, adjectives, numerals, and participial phrases. Structure is 'modifier + noun'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
定语放在名词前。
Modifiers come before the noun.
🤝我的朋友来了。
My friend has arrived. 🤝
形容词作定语放名词前。
Adjectives used as modifiers come before the noun.
🖥️新电脑很好用。
The new computer is very easy to use. 🖥️
动词性短语加“的”作定语。
Participial phrases with '的' act as modifiers.
🚪昨天来的老师在这儿。
The teacher who came yesterday is here. 🚪

补语顺序

结果补语和方向补语一般放在动词后，结构是“动词＋补语＋（宾语）”。常见补语有“完”“到”“上来”“下去”。

Result complements and directional complements are generally placed after the verb, with the structure 'verb + complement + (object)'. Common complements include '完', '到', '上来', '下去'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
示例
🇬🇧 English
Example
结果补语放在动词后。
Result complements are placed after the verb.
🍽️我吃完饭了。
I have finished eating. 🍽️
方向补语放在动词后。
Direction complements are placed after the verb.
🚶他走进来。
He walked in. 🚶
补语后可接宾语。
A complement may be followed by an object.
📄她写好了作业。
She finished writing the homework. 📄