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常用介词

中文常用介词模块涵盖基本的介词及其用法，包括在、到、从等，帮助学习者在日常交流中正确使用介词。

🇨🇳 中文🇬🇧 English🇪🇸 Español

介词定义

介词在中文中用来说明动词与名词或代词之间的关系，常表示时间、地点、方向、起点、终点、方式等。介词后面通常接名词、代词或短语，形成介词短语。介词短语可以作状语，也可以作补语。

Prepositions in Chinese are used to indicate the relationship between a verb and a noun or pronoun, commonly expressing time, place, direction, starting point, ending point, manner, etc. A preposition is usually followed by a noun phrase, pronoun, or phrase, forming a prepositional phrase. A prepositional phrase can function as an adverbial or as a complement.

在

“在”表示位置或时间，常用来引出动作发生的地点或时间。它常出现在主语后、动词前，构成“在＋地点＋动词”或“在＋时间＋动词”的结构。“在”后的成分通常是名词性短语。

'In' indicates location or time, commonly used to introduce where or when the action occurs. It often appears after the subject and before the verb, forming the structure 'in + place + verb' or 'in + time + verb'. The element after 'in' is usually a noun phrase.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“在”引出动作发生的地点。
‘In’ introduces the location where the action occurs.
🏫我在学校学习。
I study at school. 🏫
“在”引出动作发生的时间。
‘In’ introduces the time when the action occurs.
🌙他在晚上写作业。
He does homework in the evening. 🌙

到

“到”表示到达的终点，也可表示时间的终点。它常与动词连用，表示动作到达某处；也可用在“从…到…”结构中，表示范围。

'To' indicates the endpoint of arrival and may also indicate the end point of time. It is often used with a verb to express the action arriving at a location; it can also be used in the 'from… to…' structure to denote a range.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“到”表示到达某个地点或目标。
‘To’ indicates arriving at a location or goal.
🪑我们到教室了。
We arrived at the classroom. 🪑
“到”表示时间的终点。
‘To’ indicates the end of time.
⏰我学到晚上十点。
I study until ten o'clock in the evening. ⏰

从

“从”表示起点，可以是时间的起点，也可以是空间的起点。常见结构有“从＋地点＋到＋地点”和“从＋时间＋到＋时间”，用来表示范围或过程的起止。

'From' indicates the starting point, which can be a starting point in time or a starting point in space. Common structures include 'from + location + to + location' and 'from + time + to + time', used to express the start and end of a range or process.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“从”引出动作或变化的起点。
‘From’ introduces the starting point of an action or change.
🏠他从家出发。
He sets off from home. 🏠
“从…到…”表示起点到终点的范围。
‘From…to…’ expresses the range from the starting point to the end point.
⏲️我从八点到十点学习。
I study from eight o'clock to ten o'clock. ⏲️

向

“向”表示方向或对象，常用来说明动作的指向。它可以指空间方向，也可以指人或事物作为动作的接受者。

'Toward' indicates direction or target; it is commonly used to describe the direction of an action. It can refer to spatial direction, or to a person or thing as the recipient of the action.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“向”表示动作的方向。
‘Toward’ indicates the direction of the action.
🚶‍♂️他向门口走。
He walks toward the doorway. 🚶‍♂️
“向”表示动作的对象。
‘Toward’ expresses the object of the action.
🤔老师向我们提问题。
The teacher asks us a question. 🤔

对

“对”表示动作的对象或态度的指向，常与心理动词、评价类动词搭配。它引出的成分通常是动作或态度的接受者。

'Towards' indicates the object of an action or attitude; it is often used with mental verbs or evaluative verbs. The element introduced by it is usually the recipient of the action or attitude.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“对”引出动作或情感的对象。
‘Towards’ introduces the object of an action or emotion.
🧠我对中文感兴趣。
I am interested in Chinese. 🧠
“对”引出讲话或行为的对象。
‘Towards’ introduces the person spoken to or the object of the speech or action.
🗣️他对老师说话。
He speaks to the teacher. 🗣️

跟

“跟”表示伴随，相当于“和”，也可以表示按照或跟随。作为介词时，常用于“跟＋人＋一起”表示和谁一起做某事。

'With' indicates accompaniment, equivalent to 'and', and can also indicate according to or following. As a preposition, it is commonly used in 'with + person + together' to express doing something with someone.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“跟”表示与某人一起。
‘With’ indicates doing something with someone.
🍚我跟朋友一起吃饭。
I eat with a friend. 🍚
“跟”表示跟随。
‘With’ indicates following.
🐕小狗跟他走。
The puppy follows him. 🐕

为

“为”表示目的、原因或受益者，常见于书面语或正式表达。在现代口语中，多用在固定搭配或结构中，如“为了”。

'For' expresses purpose, reason, or the beneficiary; it is common in writing or formal expressions. In modern spoken language, it is largely used in fixed expressions or structures, such as 'in order to'.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“为”表示目的，多见于“为了”结构。
‘For’ expresses purpose; it is commonly found in the structure 'for the sake of' or fixed expressions like 'in order to'.
📖他为了考试早起。
He wakes up early for the exam. 📖
“为”表示受益者。
‘For’ indicates the beneficiary.
🎀我为你准备了一份礼物。
I prepared a gift for you. 🎀

比

“比”用于比较结构，引出被比较的对象。常见结构是“Ａ比Ｂ＋形容词”，用来比较两个事物的某个属性。

'Comparison' is used in comparative constructions to introduce the object being compared. The common structure is 'A is more [adjective] than B', used to compare a property of two things.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
“比”引出比较的对象。
‘Comparison’ introduces the object of comparison.
📝这个问题比那个问题简单。
This problem is simpler than that problem. 📝

介词搭配

常用介词有固定或高频搭配，掌握常见搭配有助于提高表达自然度。例如，“在＋地点”“对＋人”“跟＋人＋一起”是高频结构。合理选择介词和搭配可以避免歧义。

Common prepositions have fixed or high-frequency collocations; mastering common collocations helps improve the naturalness of expression. For example, 'in + place', 'toward + person', 'with + person + together' are high-frequency structures. Choosing prepositions and collocations carefully can avoid ambiguity.

词语或结构
🇬🇧 English
Word or Structure
定义
🇬🇧 English
Definition
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example sentence
在＋地点
In + place
该结构表示动作发生的地点。
This structure indicates the location where the action occurs.
📚她在图书馆看书。
She reads in the library. 📚
对＋人
To/For + person
该结构表示动作或态度的对象。
This structure indicates the object of the action or attitude.
❤️妈妈对我很关心。
Mom cares a lot about me. ❤️
跟＋人＋一起
With + person + together
该结构表示与某人一同进行动作。
This structure indicates doing something with someone.
👥我跟同学一起复习。
I study with a classmate. 👥
从＋时间＋到＋时间
From + time + to + time
该结构表示时间范围。
This structure indicates the time range.
📅他从上午九点到十一点开会。
He has a meeting from 9:00 AM to 11:00 AM. 📅