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常用成语

中文常用成语：探索600个经典成语的意义、用法与文化背景。适合提升汉语表达与文化理解。

🇨🇳 中文🇬🇧 English🇪🇸 Español

成语定义

成语是由四个字组成的固定短语，表达完整的意思。成语通常来源于历史故事、古籍或寓言。成语结构稳定，词序一般不能随意改变。在正式和书面语中，成语常用来简洁地表达复杂的含义。

Idioms are fixed four-character phrases that convey a complete meaning. Idioms typically originate from historical stories, ancient texts, or fables. Idiom structure is stable, and word order generally cannot be changed arbitrarily. In formal and written language, idioms are often used to express complex ideas concisely.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语是固定的四字短语。
Idioms are fixed four-character phrases.
他做事认真，一丝不苟。
He is meticulous and thorough in his work.
成语表达完整的意思。
Idioms express a complete meaning.
这个计划需要三思而后行。
This plan requires careful consideration before proceeding.
成语词序一般不能改变。
The word order of idioms generally cannot be changed.
他们同心协力完成了任务。
They worked together in unison to complete the task.

基本结构

大多数成语为四字结构，分为并列、联合、主谓、动宾、偏正式等类型。结构不同，表达方式和理解重点也不同。认识结构有助于快速把握成语的意思和用法。

Most idioms have a four-character structure and can be categorized as parallel, conjunctive, subject-predicate, verb-object, and modifier-head types. Different structures lead to different expressions and emphasis. Recognizing the structure helps quickly grasp the idiom’s meaning and usage.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
并列结构表达两个相关特征。
Parallel structure expresses two related features.
这个团队工作井井有条。
This team’s work is well organized.
主谓结构像一个完整的判断。
Subject-predicate structure forms a complete judgment.
谣言不攻自破。
Rumors are self-refuting.
动宾结构表示一个动作和结果。
Verb-object structure expresses an action and its result.
他对这件事置之不理。
He pays no attention to this matter.
偏正式前后有修饰关系。
Modifier-head structure has a modifying relationship around the head.
他的回答含糊其词。
His answer is vague.

语义压缩

成语用极少的字表达丰富的内容，往往包含隐含的信息。理解成语常需要知道背后的典故或常识。使用时，要确保语境与成语的本义相符。

Idioms convey rich content with very few words, often containing implicit information. Understanding idioms often requires knowing the underlying allusions or common knowledge. When using them, ensure the context aligns with the idiom’s literal meaning.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语包含隐含的信息。
Idioms contain implicit information.
两个人说话各执一词。
Each person sticks to their own version.
成语需要语境支持本义。
Idioms require context to support their literal meaning.
他临阵退缩，没有参加比赛。
He hesitated at the last moment and did not participate in the competition.

常用语域

成语广泛用于书面语、演讲和正式表达。口语中也会用成语，但通常选择意义清晰、常见的成语。部分成语在新闻、作文、公文中出现频率较高。

Idioms are widely used in formal writing, speeches, and formal expressions. They are also used in spoken language, but speakers usually choose idioms with clear, common meanings. Some idioms appear more frequently in news, essays, and official documents.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
书面语常用成语提升表达。
In formal writing, idioms enhance expression.
他的分析入木三分。
His analysis is incisive.
口语倾向使用常见成语。
In speech, people tend to use common idioms.
别着急，水到渠成。
Don’t worry; when everything falls into place.
新闻和公文偏好意义明确的成语。
News and official documents prefer idioms with clear meanings.
项目进展如期推进，井然有序。
The project is progressing on schedule and in an orderly manner.

语境选择

一个成语通常有核心本义，有时也有引申义。选择成语时，应匹配具体情境，避免生搬硬套。同一个成语在不同语境下，侧重点可能不同。

An idiom typically has a core meaning, and sometimes a figurative meaning as well. When choosing an idiom, match it to the specific situation to avoid forcing it. The same idiom may emphasize different aspects in different contexts.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语有核心本义。
Idioms have a core literal meaning.
他的回答言简意赅。
His answer is concise and to the point.
用成语要匹配具体情境。
Use idioms that fit the specific context.
大家意见不一，各抒己见。
Opinions differ; everyone expresses their own views.
不同语境可突出不同侧面。
Different contexts can highlight different facets.
他准备充分，临危不乱。
He is well prepared and remains calm in a crisis.

典故来源

许多成语来源于历史事件、人物或寓言。一些成语包含具体的故事背景，理解时可以参考原故事。一部分高频成语即使不熟悉典故，也能通过本义正确使用。

Many idioms originate from historical events, figures, or fables. Some contain a specific story background; refer to the original story when understanding. Some high-frequency idioms can be used correctly based on their literal meaning even if you are not familiar with the allusions.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语常含历史或寓言背景。
Idioms often contain historical or fable backgrounds.
他喜欢闭门造车，结果效率不高。
He tends to work behind closed doors, resulting in low efficiency.
高频成语可凭本义理解。
High-frequency idioms can be understood by their literal meaning.
问题出现以后，他从长计议。
After the issue arose, he deliberated at length.

表达功能

成语可以概括评价、描写状态、表达态度或总结结果。在一段话中，成语常作为评价性成分出现。成语也可以用来描写人物的行为或心理。

Idioms can summarize evaluation, describe states, express attitudes, or summarize outcomes. In a paragraph, idioms often appear as evaluative elements. Idioms can also be used to describe a person’s actions or mindset.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语可以概括评价。
Idioms can summarize evaluation.
他的表现可圈可点。
His performance is commendable.
成语可以描写状态。
Idioms can describe states.
会议进行得井井有条。
The meeting progressed in an orderly manner.
成语可以表达态度。
Idioms can express attitude.
他说话十分一针见血。
He speaks very incisively.

高频成语1

以下是高频常用成语，涵盖工作、学习和日常交流。每个成语都有简明本义和典型用法。

The following are high-frequency commonly used idioms, covering work, study, and daily communication. Each idiom has a concise literal meaning and typical usage.

成语
🇬🇧 English
Idiom
定义
🇬🇧 English
Definition
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
一丝不苟
Meticulous to a fault
做事非常认真，丝毫不马虎。
Doing things very carefully, not sloppy at all.
他检查文件一丝不苟。
He checks the documents meticulously.
井井有条
Well organized
条理清楚，安排得很好。
Clear and orderly; well arranged.
她把计划安排得井井有条。
She has arranged the plan in an orderly manner.
三思而后行
Think twice before acting
做事前反复考虑。
To think carefully before taking action.
他遇到难题时三思而后行。
When faced with difficulties, he thinks things through before acting.
各抒己见
Each expresses their own view
每个人发表自己的看法。
Everyone expresses their own opinion.
讨论会上大家各抒己见。
At the discussion, everyone voiced their own opinion.
言简意赅
Concise and to the point
语言简洁，意思完整。
Language is concise and complete in meaning.
他的总结言简意赅。
His summary is concise and to the point.

高频成语2

进一步列举常见成语，适合描述情况和评价结果。这些成语在考试写作和正式表达中常见。

Further common idioms suitable for describing situations and evaluating outcomes. These idioms often appear in exam writing and formal expressions.

成语
🇬🇧 English
Idiom
定义
🇬🇧 English
Definition
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
临危不乱
Remain calm in a crisis
遇到危险或紧急情况不慌乱。
Not panicking when faced with danger or an emergency.
他面对突发状况临危不乱。
He remains calm in the face of sudden emergencies.
水到渠成
Things fall into place
条件成熟，事情自然成功。
When conditions are ripe, things succeed naturally.
准备充分后，结果水到渠成。
After thorough preparation, the result will fall into place.
入木三分
Penetrating / incisive
分析或描写非常深刻。
Very deep or insightful in analysis or description.
他的评论入木三分。
His critique is incisive.
可圈可点
Notable / commendable
表现值得肯定。
Performance worthy of praise.
这次的设计可圈可点。
This design is commendable.
闭门造车
Work behind closed doors
不了解外部情况，自己空想或做事。
Lacking understanding of external conditions, working in isolation.
他不与同事沟通，有点闭门造车。
He doesn’t communicate with colleagues and works behind closed doors.

词语辨析

有些成语意义相近，但侧重点不同。正确选用可以避免表达模糊。以下举例常见的近义成语对比。

Some idioms have similar meanings but different emphasis. Choosing correctly can prevent vague expressions. The following are common near-synonym idiom contrasts.

成语
🇬🇧 English
Idiom
定义
🇬🇧 English
Definition
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
一清二楚
Crystal clear
非常清楚，没有疑问。
Very clear, without any doubt.
过程和结果他都一清二楚。
He is crystal clear about both the process and the result.
了如指掌
Know like the back of one’s hand
情况非常熟悉，完全明白。
Very familiar with the situation, completely understand.
细节他了如指掌。
He knows the details like the back of his hand.
顺理成章
Logical and natural progression
事情合乎道理，自然发展。
Things progress logically and naturally.
讨论深入后，结论顺理成章。
After thorough discussion, the conclusion followed logically.
水到渠成
Things fall into place
条件具备后，自然成功。
Conditions are met, and success follows naturally.
准备充分后，成功水到渠成。
With thorough preparation, success will fall into place.

文化认知

掌握成语还包括理解其中的文化价值观。例如重视理性思考、团队协作和诚实守信。成语的使用体现了对简练表达和历史传统的尊重。

Mastering idioms also involves understanding their cultural values, such as valuing rational thinking, teamwork, and honesty and trustworthiness. The use of idioms reflects respect for concise expression and historical tradition.

规则
🇬🇧 English
Rule
例句
🇬🇧 English
Example Sentence
成语体现理性和审慎。
Idioms reflect rationality and prudence.
遇事要三思而后行。
When faced with matters, think before acting.
成语体现协作精神。
Idioms reflect a spirit of cooperation.
大家同心协力完成任务。
Everyone unites to complete the task.
成语体现简练表达。
Idioms reflect concise expression.
他的发言言简意赅。
His speech is concise and to the point.