English names four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Each season lasts about three months and is linked to typical weather and activities. In many English-speaking countries, autumn is also called fall. The seasons repeat in a yearly cycle.

Word/Phrase	Definition
spring	Spring is the season of new growth and mild weather.
summer	Summer is the season of warmth and long days.
autumn	Autumn is the season of falling leaves and cooler weather.
winter	Winter is the season of cold weather and short days.

In the Northern Hemisphere, English speakers usually group the months by season as follows. These groupings help describe when typical seasonal weather and events occur. The Southern Hemisphere has opposite seasons, but the month names stay the same. The start and end dates may vary by country or calendar, but these groupings are common.

Rule
Spring is March, April, and May in the Northern Hemisphere.
Summer is June, July, and August in the Northern Hemisphere.
Autumn is September, October, and November in the Northern Hemisphere.
Winter is December, January, and February in the Northern Hemisphere.

Each season is linked to common weather words in English. These words describe typical conditions but can change depending on the region. Knowing these words helps describe what the weather is like during each season.

Word/Phrase	Definition
warm	Warm means the temperature is comfortably higher than cool.
hot	Hot means the temperature is high and can feel intense.
cool	Cool means the temperature is lower than warm but not cold.
cold	Cold means the temperature is low and can feel chilly.
rainy	Rainy means there is frequent or regular rain.
snowy	Snowy means snow is falling or covers the ground.

English uses specific words to talk about common activities in each season. These activities are linked to the typical weather and traditions of that season. The same activity can happen in different seasons, but these associations are typical.

Word/Phrase	Definition
planting	Planting is often done in spring when new growth begins.
swimming	Swimming is common in summer when the weather is hot.
harvest	Harvest is linked to autumn when crops are gathered.
sledding	Sledding is common in winter when there is snow.

English has two words for the season between summer and winter: autumn and fall. Both mean the same season, but their use depends on the variety of English. Knowing this difference helps with understanding and choosing vocabulary.

Region	Word/Phrase	Regional Definition
🇺🇸United States	fall	In American English, fall is the common word for the season between summer and winter.
🇬🇧United Kingdom	autumn	In British English, autumn is the standard word for the season between summer and winter.