The order Neuroptera comprises insects such as lacewings, antlions, and their relatives, all of which share distinctive, intricately veined wings and predatory larvae.
  • Net-winged insects with complete metamorphosis
  • About 6,000 species worldwide
  • Larvae are important predators of pest insects

Green Lacewings: Chrysopidae

Green lacewings belong to the family *Chrysopidae*.
Green lacewings (Chrysopidae) are notable for their shimmering green wings and are valued in agriculture for their larvae's voracious appetite for pests like aphids.
  • Delicate, green, net-veined wings
  • Larvae known as "aphid lions" due to predatory nature
  • Fossil record dates back to Jurassic
  • [ ] Describe the ecological role of Chrysopidae larvae in pest control.

Antlions: Myrmeleontidae

Antlion larvae are famous for digging conical pits to trap prey.
Antlions (Myrmeleontidae) are famous for their sandy pit traps dug by larvae, capturing unsuspecting ants and other small insects; adults resemble dragonflies but have clubbed antennae.
  • Larvae engineer sand traps for predation
  • Adults possess long, slender bodies and lacey wings
  • About 2,000 species known
  • [ ] Compare adult antlions and dragonflies in terms of wing structure and antennae.

Owlflies: Ascalaphidae

Owlflies (Ascalaphidae) combine features of antlions and dragonflies, with large, bulging eyes and long clubbed antennae; their larvae are also voracious predators.
  • Night-active, with prominent eyes (“owl-like”)
  • Adults have strong, net-veined wings
  • Larvae resemble those of antlions
  • [ ] What adaptive advantages might the large eyes of Owlflies (Ascalaphidae) provide?

Nemopteridae: Spoonwings and Threadwings

Nemopterids have uniquely shaped wings—either ribbon-like or spoon-shaped—making them easily recognizable among Neuroptera; they are mostly found in arid and semi-arid regions.
  • Distinctive elongated hindwings
  • Adults feed on pollen and nectar
  • Fossil genera date to the Cretaceous
  • [ ] How do the wing shapes of Nemopteridae differ from typical Neuroptera?

Conclusion

Neuroptera are a diverse order of insects with remarkable wing structures and predatory lifestyles, including families like the green lacewings (Chrysopidae), antlions (Myrmeleontidae), owlflies (Ascalaphidae), and Nemopteridae.
  • Intricate net-like wings are a defining feature.
  • Larvae of many Neuroptera are important biological control agents.
  • Adult forms span a variety of ecological roles and morphologies.
Correct Neuroptera families include Chrysopidae, Myrmeleontidae, and Ascalaphidae.
Lacewings and antlions belong to the order Neuroptera.