This module teaches vocabulary for officials, public services, and public institutions. These words help you talk about government roles, community jobs, and the services that support society. The units group terms by roles, institutions, and services for clarity.

In English, common terms for government officials include leader, representative, mayor, and minister. These words name people with official authority in national or local government. Some terms are general, and some are specific to a level of government.

Word/Phrase	Definition
official	A person with formal authority in a government or organization.
leader	A person who directs a group, organization, or country.
representative	A person chosen to speak or act for others, especially in a legislative body.
mayor	The head of a city or town government.
minister	A senior member of a government with responsibility for a department.

Words for law and order officials include judge, police officer, and inspector. These terms refer to roles that enforce laws or make legal decisions. They are used in courts, law enforcement, and investigations.

Word/Phrase	Definition
judge	A person who makes decisions in a court of law.
police officer	A person who enforces laws and protects public safety.
inspector	A person who examines situations or places for rules or safety.
prosecutor	A lawyer who brings charges in a criminal case.
witness	A person who gives information or evidence in a legal process.

Public institutions are organizations that serve the community, such as schools, hospitals, and courts. In English, these words name the places where public services are organized. They also appear when talking about services or officials connected to them.

Word/Phrase	Definition
institution	An established organization with a public function.
court	A place where legal cases are decided.
municipality	A city or town with its own local government.
agency	A government or public organization with a specific task.
department	A division of government or an institution with a specific area of responsibility.

Community services are public services that support health, safety, and daily life. Key terms include service, public service, emergency services, and utilities. These words help you describe the support systems that governments or local authorities provide.

Word/Phrase	Definition
public service	A service provided for the benefit of the community.
emergency services	Organizations that respond to urgent situations, such as fire, police, and medical teams.
utilities	Basic services like water, electricity, and gas supplied to the public.
health service	An organization that provides medical care to the public.
transport authority	A public body that manages transportation systems.

Administrative vocabulary includes terms for offices, officials, and procedures in public services. These words appear in documents, public communication, and service interactions. They help describe how public functions are organized and managed.

Word/Phrase	Definition
office	A place where official work is done.
clerk	A person who manages records or administrative tasks.
application	A formal request for a service or permission.
license	An official document that gives permission to do something.
regulation	An official rule set by an authority.

You have learned key English words for officials, public institutions, and community services. These terms support clear communication about government roles, law, and public support systems. Use them to understand and discuss how societies organize public life.