# ⚡️ Imperative The *imperative* mood gives commands, makes requests, offers advice, or sometimes softens suggestions with polite forms. It shapes how you tell someone to do something in real situations. --- ## Formation Affirmative commands use *imperative* forms for *tú, usted, nosotros, ustedes,* and sometimes *vosotros*, while negative commands rely on the *subjunctive* for all but *tú*'s small exceptions. This distinction keeps orders clear and tones polite. --- ### Tú The *tú* affirmative command usually takes the 3rd person singular of the present indicative for *-ar, -er,* and *-ir* verbs, while the negative *tú* command uses the present subjunctive. This makes quick orders natural when speaking to friends. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "268bc448", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Speak up: ___ (decir) la verdad.", "answer": [ "di" ], "translation": "Speak up: tell the truth.", "emoji": "🗣️", "explanation": "Tú affirmative commands often use the 3rd person singular present indicative form; 'decir' becomes the irregular 'di'.", "name": "203dc071" }, { "quiz": "268bc448", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't speak: no ___ (hablar) ahora.", "answer": [ "hables" ], "translation": "Don't speak: don't speak now.", "emoji": "🤐", "explanation": "Negative tú commands use the present subjunctive; 'hablar' becomes 'hables' after 'no'.", "name": "1ef64417" }, { "quiz": "268bc448", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which statement is true about tú commands?", "correct": [ "Affirmative tú commands often use the 3rd person singular present indicative form", "Negative tú commands use the present subjunctive" ], "incorrect": [ "Affirmative tú commands always end with -s", "Negative tú commands use the infinitive after 'no'" ], "emoji": "❓", "explanation": "Affirmative tú commands typically mirror the 3rd person singular present indicative (with some irregulars), while negatives require the subjunctive form.", "name": "8d1cabe" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "3789cf68" }> ``` | Affirmative Example | Negative Example | | --- | --- | | *Corta* las verduras. | *No cortes* las verduras. | --- ### Usted The *usted* command form comes from the present *subjunctive* 3rd person singular, making it polite for strangers or formal situations in both affirmatives and negatives. Use it to show respect when giving directions. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "12e17346", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Please write: ___ (escribir) la carta, por favor.", "answer": [ "escriba" ], "translation": "Please write: write the letter, please.", "emoji": "✍️", "explanation": "Usted commands use the present subjunctive 3rd person singular; 'escribir' becomes 'escriba'.", "name": "2cb628d0" }, { "quiz": "12e17346", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't write: no ___ (escribir) eso.", "answer": [ "escriba" ], "translation": "Don't write: don't write that.", "emoji": "🚫", "explanation": "Both affirmative and negative usted commands use the subjunctive form; negation adds 'no' before the verb.", "name": "54c0049f" }, { "quiz": "12e17346", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Why is the subjunctive used for usted commands?", "correct": [ "It creates a polite or formal command", "It is consistent for both affirmative and negative forms" ], "incorrect": [ "It makes the command stronger than an imperative", "It is only used for negative commands" ], "emoji": "ℹ️", "explanation": "Usted commands derive from the present subjunctive to provide politeness; this pattern applies to both affirmatives and negatives.", "name": "4b4f0092" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "588d0ffa" }> ``` | Affirmative Example | Negative Example | | --- | --- | | *Pique* la cebolla. | *No pique* la cebolla. | --- ### Nosotros The *nosotros* command uses the present *subjunctive* first person plural, letting you include yourself in an order like "*vamos*" or the more formal "*vayamos*". Both affirmatives and negatives follow this pattern for group instructions. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "7765a22a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Let's eat: ___ (comer) ahora.", "answer": [ "comamos" ], "translation": "Let's eat: let's eat now.", "emoji": "🍽️", "explanation": "Nosotros commands use the present subjunctive first person plural; 'comer' becomes 'comamos'.", "name": "1e4fe289" }, { "quiz": "7765a22a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Let's not go: no ___ (ir) todavía.", "answer": [ "vayamos" ], "translation": "Let's not go: let's not go yet.", "emoji": "⛔", "explanation": "Negative nosotros commands also use the present subjunctive; 'ir' becomes 'vayamos' after 'no'.", "name": "66692138" }, { "quiz": "7765a22a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which forms do nosotros commands follow?", "correct": [ "Present subjunctive first person plural", "They use the same form for both affirmative and negative" ], "incorrect": [ "Infinitive plus -emos/ -amos endings", "They attach pronouns before the verb only" ], "emoji": "🧭", "explanation": "Nosotros commands are based on the present subjunctive nosotros form, consistent for affirmatives and negatives.", "name": "5ae1e883" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "23be555f" }> ``` | Affirmative Example | Negative Example | | --- | --- | | *Mezclemos* la masa. | *No mezclemos* la masa. | --- ### Ustedes The *ustedes* command form is the present *subjunctive* 3rd person plural, suitable for addressing groups formally in both positive and negative commands. It ensures clear directions when speaking to multiple people. | Affirmative Example | Negative Example | | --- | --- | | *Calienten* el horno. | *No calienten* el horno. | --- ### Vosotros The *vosotros* affirmative command adds *-d* to the infinitive for *-ar, -er,* and *-ir* verbs, while the negative uses the present *subjunctive* 2nd person plural. This form is common in Spain and helps keep commands consistent for groups of friends. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "1bb5384f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Work (pl.) now: ___ (trabajar) ya.", "answer": [ "trabajad" ], "translation": "Work (vosotros) now: work already.", "emoji": "🛠️", "explanation": "Vosotros affirmative commands add -d to the infinitive stem; 'trabajar' becomes 'trabajad'.", "name": "345e2f69" }, { "quiz": "1bb5384f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't work (pl.): no ___ (trabajar) tanto.", "answer": [ "trabajéis" ], "translation": "Don't work (vosotros): don't work so much.", "emoji": "✋", "explanation": "Vosotros negative commands use the present subjunctive 2nd person plural; 'trabajar' becomes 'trabajéis' after 'no'.", "name": "65079f4c" }, { "quiz": "1bb5384f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which is true about vosotros commands?", "correct": [ "Affirmative adds -d to the infinitive form", "Negative uses the present subjunctive 2nd person plural" ], "incorrect": [ "Vosotros commands always use irregular stems", "Pronouns always go before the verb in affirmative vosotros commands" ], "emoji": "🆚", "explanation": "Vosotros affirmative commands typically add -d; negatives switch to subjunctive forms. Pronoun placement differs between affirmatives and negatives.", "name": "5073d965" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "d983867" }> ``` | Affirmative Example | Negative Example | | --- | --- | | *Filetad* el pescado. | *No filetéis* el pescado. | --- ## Irregulars Some common verbs have irregular *tú* affirmative commands and memorable irregulars in the *usted* and *ustedes* forms that learners should practice to sound natural. These irregulars often appear in everyday speech and signage. --- ### Decir The *tú* affirmative command of *decir* is *di*, an irregular short form used in quick orders, while *usted* and *ustedes* follow the subjunctive for more polite commands. Use *di* when telling someone to speak up or give information fast. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "4c8850cf", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Tell me: ___ (decir) lo que piensas.", "answer": [ "di" ], "translation": "Tell me: say what you think.", "emoji": "📢", "explanation": "The tú affirmative command of 'decir' is the irregular short form 'di'.", "name": "3ecfe12c" }, { "quiz": "4c8850cf", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't tell: no ___ (decir) nada.", "answer": [ "diga" ], "translation": "Don't tell: don't say anything.", "emoji": "🔇", "explanation": "Usted negative command uses the present subjunctive; 'decir' becomes 'diga'.", "name": "10ec3d41" }, { "quiz": "4c8850cf", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "fact", "prompt": "Which is an irregular tú affirmative command from 'decir'?", "correct": [ "di" ], "incorrect": [ "dices", "decid", "diga" ], "emoji": "✏️", "explanation": "'Di' is the irregular tú affirmative; 'dices' is present indicative, 'decid' is vosotros plural, and 'diga' is subjunctive/usted form.", "name": "66464cb9" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "e56a993" }> ``` --- ### Hacer The *tú* affirmative command of *hacer* is *haz*, a common irregular used in both casual speech and instructions, with *usted* and *ustedes* forms derived from the subjunctive for formal contexts. *Haz* fits well in commands like "*haz la tarea*". ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "76544b2a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Do the homework: ___ (hacer) la tarea.", "answer": [ "haz" ], "translation": "Do the homework: do the task.", "emoji": "🔨", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'hacer' is the irregular 'haz'.", "name": "9872553" }, { "quiz": "76544b2a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Please do it (formal): ___ (hacer) el favor, señora.", "answer": [ "haga" ], "translation": "Please do the favor, ma'am.", "emoji": "🙏", "explanation": "Usted commands use the present subjunctive; 'hacer' becomes 'haga'.", "name": "6fbcd891" }, { "quiz": "76544b2a", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "fact", "prompt": "Which pair shows the correct tú and usted forms for 'hacer'?", "correct": [ "haz (tú) and haga (usted)" ], "incorrect": [ "haces and hace", "hace and haz", "haz and hacer" ], "emoji": "⚖️", "explanation": "'Haz' is the tú affirmative irregular; 'haga' is the subjunctive-based usted form.", "name": "1df6b0c9" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "71331546" }> ``` --- ### Ir The *tú* affirmative command of *ir* is *ve*, a short irregular used in everyday speech, while *usted* and *ustedes* forms come from the subjunctive for polite or group commands. Use *ve* for quick directions or prompts. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "e1fb3bb", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Go (tú): ___ (ir) a la tienda.", "answer": [ "ve" ], "translation": "Go (tú): go to the store.", "emoji": "🚶‍♂️", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'ir' is the irregular short form 've'.", "name": "56708956" }, { "quiz": "e1fb3bb", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Let's go: ___ (ir) al parque.", "answer": [ "vayamos" ], "translation": "Let's go: let's go to the park.", "emoji": "🏞️", "explanation": "Nosotros command uses the present subjunctive; 'ir' becomes 'vayamos'.", "name": "16f6bf8d" }, { "quiz": "e1fb3bb", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "fact", "prompt": "Which forms of 'ir' are correct for commands?", "correct": [ "ve (tú affirmative)", "vaya (usted)", "vayamos (nosotros)", "vayan (ustedes)" ], "incorrect": [ "iras", "iré", "viendo" ], "emoji": "🛣️", "explanation": "These are the standard command forms; other choices are tenses or gerunds.", "name": "734016d3" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "19208099" }> ``` --- ### Poner The *tú* affirmative command of *poner* is *pon*, widely used in informal orders, with *usted* and *ustedes* forms following the subjunctive for formality. *Pon* works well for tasks like placing objects or setting things up. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "4d53cec7", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Put it here (tú): ___ (poner) la caja aquí.", "answer": [ "pon" ], "translation": "Put the box here.", "emoji": "📦", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'poner' is the irregular 'pon'.", "name": "14a86127" }, { "quiz": "4d53cec7", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Put it (formal): ___ (poner) la caja aquí, por favor.", "answer": [ "ponga" ], "translation": "Please put the box here (usted).", "emoji": "🧑‍⚖️", "explanation": "Usted commands use the subjunctive; 'poner' becomes 'ponga'.", "name": "43b84011" }, { "quiz": "4d53cec7", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which pair correctly contrasts informal and formal commands for 'poner'?", "correct": [ "pon (tú) and ponga (usted)" ], "incorrect": [ "pones and pones", "poned and ponga", "pone and ponen" ], "emoji": "📍", "explanation": "'Pon' is the irregular tú affirmative; 'ponga' is the subjunctive-based usted form.", "name": "3f304a9a" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "5246378c" }> ``` --- ### Salir The *tú* affirmative command of *salir* is *sal*, an irregular form common in spoken commands, whereas *usted* and *ustedes* use subjunctive forms for polite or group orders. Use *sal* for prompts to leave quickly or exit an area. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "45cda76", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Leave (tú): ___ (salir) ahora mismo.", "answer": [ "sal" ], "translation": "Leave now.", "emoji": "🚪", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'salir' is the irregular 'sal'.", "name": "5bd5b51c" }, { "quiz": "45cda76", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't leave (usted): no ___ (salir) todavía.", "answer": [ "salga" ], "translation": "Don't leave yet (usted).", "emoji": "🛑", "explanation": "Usted negative uses the present subjunctive; 'salir' becomes 'salga'.", "name": "7bf3ec14" }, { "quiz": "45cda76", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "fact", "prompt": "Which forms of 'salir' appear in everyday commands?", "correct": [ "sal (tú) and salga (usted)" ], "incorrect": [ "sale and salid", "salgo and salgas" ], "emoji": "🏃‍♀️", "explanation": "'Sal' is the common tú affirmative; 'salga' is the formal subjunctive-based command.", "name": "64017274" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "fdcae79" }> ``` --- ### Tener The *tú* affirmative command of *tener* is *ten*, a frequently used irregular in daily commands, with *usted* and *ustedes* relying on subjunctive forms for respectful orders. *Ten* can signal someone to hold or bring something. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "339aa3c6", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Have patience (tú): ___ (tener) paciencia.", "answer": [ "ten" ], "translation": "Have patience.", "emoji": "⌛", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'tener' is the irregular 'ten'.", "name": "177ba170" }, { "quiz": "339aa3c6", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Have patience (usted): ___ (tener) paciencia, por favor.", "answer": [ "tenga" ], "translation": "Please have patience (usted).", "emoji": "🧑‍⚖️", "explanation": "Usted commands use the present subjunctive; 'tener' becomes 'tenga'.", "name": "3d050239" }, { "quiz": "339aa3c6", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which pair shows the correct tú and usted command forms of 'tener'?", "correct": [ "ten (tú) and tenga (usted)" ], "incorrect": [ "tiene and tenga", "tene and tener", "tened and tenga" ], "emoji": "🧭", "explanation": "'Ten' is the irregular tú affirmative; 'tenga' is the subjunctive-based usted form.", "name": "50ec5dd5" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "2510b32b" }> ``` --- ### Venir The *tú* affirmative command of *venir* is *ven*, a short irregular handy for quick invitations or orders, while *usted* and *ustedes* use subjunctive forms for politeness or groups. *Ven* is natural in calls to come closer or join in. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "667338a5", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Come here (tú): ___ (venir) aquí.", "answer": [ "ven" ], "translation": "Come here.", "emoji": "👣", "explanation": "The tú affirmative of 'venir' is the irregular 'ven'.", "name": "677874bc" }, { "quiz": "667338a5", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Let's come in: ___ (venir) adentro.", "answer": [ "vengamos" ], "translation": "Let's come in.", "emoji": "🏠", "explanation": "Nosotros command uses the present subjunctive; 'venir' becomes 'vengamos'.", "name": "1b9fe1db" }, { "quiz": "667338a5", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "fact", "prompt": "Which forms of 'venir' are used for commands?", "correct": [ "ven (tú)", "venga (usted)", "vengamos (nosotros)", "vengan (ustedes)" ], "incorrect": [ "viene", "venid", "viniendo" ], "emoji": "🧭", "explanation": "These are the standard imperative forms; others are non-imperative forms.", "name": "2d76f68c" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "688b3b13" }> ``` --- ### Usted and Ustedes Forms The *usted* and *ustedes* command forms consistently use the present *subjunctive*, making them reliable for polite and group commands; learners should memorize irregulars that affect these forms to maintain respectfulness. This uniformity helps in formal speech and writing. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "665843a0", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Turn around (usted): ___ (volver) por favor.", "answer": [ "vuelva" ], "translation": "Please turn around (usted).", "emoji": "↩️", "explanation": "Usted commands use the present subjunctive 3rd person singular; 'volver' becomes 'vuelva'.", "name": "55dc3f60" }, { "quiz": "665843a0", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't turn around (ustedes): no ___ (volver) aún.", "answer": [ "vuelvan" ], "translation": "Don't turn around yet (ustedes).", "emoji": "✋", "explanation": "Ustedes commands use the present subjunctive 3rd person plural; 'volver' becomes 'vuelvan' after 'no'.", "name": "13b67488" }, { "quiz": "665843a0", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which is true about usted/ustedes commands?", "correct": [ "They always use present subjunctive forms", "Memorizing irregular subjunctive forms is important for politeness" ], "incorrect": [ "They use infinitives after 'no'", "They never attach pronouns" ], "emoji": "🎩", "explanation": "Usted and ustedes commands are consistently formed from the present subjunctive; this maintains formal politeness.", "name": "3b39b7f4" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "26e6462f" }> ``` --- ## Pronouns In *affirmative* commands, pronouns attach to the end of the verb and can trigger accent marks to preserve stress, while in *negative* commands, pronouns precede the verb, keeping the command tone clear; this placement affects how orders sound and look. Mastering pronoun position is key to natural-sounding commands. --- ### Affirmative Commands In *affirmative* commands, direct, indirect, and reflexive pronouns attach to the verb's end, sometimes requiring an added accent to maintain the original stress. This makes spoken and written orders flow smoothly. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "136f794f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Give it to me (tú): ___ (dar) la llave.", "answer": [ "da" ], "translation": "Give me the key.", "emoji": "🗝️", "explanation": "Base verb is 'da' (tú affirmative of 'dar'). When attaching pronouns in affirmative commands, they go at the end (e.g., 'dámela'), but the quiz omits pronouns; note pronoun placement affects accents.", "name": "5c5ba24e" }, { "quiz": "136f794f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Let's buy it: ___ (comprar) ahora.", "answer": [ "compremos" ], "translation": "Let's buy it now.", "emoji": "🛒", "explanation": "Nosotros commands attach pronouns at the end (e.g., 'compremoslo'), but in the quiz the blank omits the pronoun; remember pronoun attachment can require accent marks.", "name": "8e986db" }, { "quiz": "136f794f", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Where do pronouns go in affirmative commands?", "correct": [ "Attached to the end of the verb", "Pronoun attachment may require adding an accent mark" ], "incorrect": [ "Always before the verb", "Pronouns are omitted in affirmative commands" ], "emoji": "🔗", "explanation": "In affirmative commands, pronouns attach to the verb's end and sometimes trigger accent placement to preserve stress.", "name": "563c5feb" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "2a7192ee" }> ``` | English Example | Spanish Example | | --- | --- | | *Add it.* | + *Agrégalo.* | | *Mix them.* | + *Mézclalos.* | | *Heat it.* | + *Hiérvelo.* | | *Peel it.* | + *Pélalo.* | --- ### Negative Commands In *negative* commands, pronouns come before the verb, positioning that keeps the command firm and the meaning transparent; the verb remains in the subjunctive without added accents. This order helps listeners process the command quickly. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "5bd2076", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't give it to me: no ___ (dar) la llave.", "answer": [ "des" ], "translation": "Don't give me the key.", "emoji": "🛑", "explanation": "Negative tú commands use the present subjunctive ('dar'→'des'); pronouns go before the verb in negatives (e.g., 'no me la des'). The blank omits pronouns.", "name": "5ddaa8fa" }, { "quiz": "5bd2076", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "fill-in-blank", "category": "conjugation", "text": "Don't buy it (ustedes): no ___ (comprar) ahora.", "answer": [ "compren" ], "translation": "Don't buy it now (ustedes).", "emoji": "❌", "explanation": "Ustedes negative commands use the present subjunctive plural ('comprar'→'compren'); pronouns precede the verb in negatives (e.g., 'no lo compren'). The blank shows the verb form only.", "name": "66b7648c" }, { "quiz": "5bd2076", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Where do pronouns go in negative commands?", "correct": [ "Before the verb", "The verb stays in subjunctive without added accents" ], "incorrect": [ "Attached to the end requiring an accent", "Pronouns are omitted in negative commands" ], "emoji": "⬅️", "explanation": "In negative commands, pronouns precede the verb; the verb remains subjunctive and no accent is added due to pronoun placement.", "name": "6768b7f3" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "f23cc2a" }> ``` | English Example | Spanish Example | | --- | --- | | *Don't add it.* | - *No lo agregues.* | | *Don't mix them.* | - *No los mezcles.* | | *Don't heat it.* | - *No lo calientes.* | | *Don't peel it.* | - *No lo peles.* | --- ## Uses The *imperative* mood is used for direct commands, polite requests, advice, and sometimes encouragement or prohibition, shaping interactions from quick orders to gentle guidance. Context and tone determine which form fits best. ```json <{ "type": "quiz", "exercises": [ { "quiz": "e881c8e", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which situations commonly use the imperative?", "correct": [ "Giving direct orders", "Making polite requests", "Offering advice" ], "incorrect": [ "Stating facts", "Describing ongoing actions" ], "emoji": "📣", "explanation": "The imperative is used for commands, requests, advice, and sometimes encouragement or prohibition.", "name": "13e1718b" }, { "quiz": "e881c8e", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "How does context affect imperative forms?", "correct": [ "Tone determines politeness vs. firmness", "Choice of tú/usted/vosotros affects formality" ], "incorrect": [ "Context changes the verb conjugation to past tense", "Imperatives always use the infinitive form" ], "emoji": "🎭", "explanation": "Context and speaker/listener relationship shape whether commands are formal or informal and how polite or firm they sound.", "name": "1670dcaf" }, { "quiz": "e881c8e", "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "type": "exercise", "question": "multiple-choice", "category": "rule", "prompt": "Which is NOT a typical use of the imperative?", "correct": [ "Describing habitual actions" ], "incorrect": [ "Giving commands", "Making requests" ], "emoji": "❌", "explanation": "Imperative forms are not used to describe habitual actions; they serve for orders, requests, advice, and prohibitions.", "name": "a82fc40" } ], "topic": "english/grammar/moods/imperative", "name": "3b317f26" }> ``` --- ## Summary The *imperative* mood delivers commands through specific forms for *tú, usted, nosotros, ustedes,* and *vosotros*, with negatives using the *subjunctive* and pronouns shifting placement between affirmatives and negatives; irregular verbs and signal contexts make practice essential. Master these patterns to give clear and natural orders in Spanish.

Moods