The Present Simple describes actions or states that are regular, habitual, or generally true. It is used for routines, facts, and things that do not change regularly. In English, the Present Simple does not express an action happening right now; it describes what usually happens.

Rule
Use the Present Simple for routines and habits.
Use the Present Simple for general facts and truths.
Use the Present Simple for schedules and timetables.

In the Present Simple, most verbs use the base form with all subjects except third person singular. With he, she, and it, regular verbs add -s. The verb be is irregular and has its own forms. In questions and negatives with other verbs, the base form is used and do or does carries the tense.

Subject	Form
I	walk
You	walk
We	walk
They	walk
He/She/It	walks

Regular verbs add -s in the third person singular. Verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, or -z usually add -es. Verbs ending in a consonant plus -y change -y to -ies. Irregular verbs may have their own patterns and should be learned separately.

Rule
Add -s to regular verbs in the third person singular.
Add -es to verbs ending in -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, or -z in the third person singular.
Change -y to -ies after a consonant in the third person singular.

The verb be has three forms in the Present Simple: am, is, and are. Am is used with I. Is is used with he, she, and it. Are is used with you, we, and they.

Subject	Form
I	am
You	are
We	are
They	are
He/She/It	is

Negatives in the Present Simple use do not or does not plus the base verb. Do not is used with I, you, we, and they. Does not is used with he, she, and it. With be, negatives are formed by adding not after am, is, or are.

Rule
Use do not plus the base verb with I, you, we, and they.
Use does not plus the base verb with he, she, and it.
With be, put not after am, is, or are.

Questions in the Present Simple usually use do or does at the beginning, followed by the subject and the base verb. Do is used with I, you, we, and they. Does is used with he, she, and it. With be, questions are formed by putting am, is, or are before the subject.

Rule
Use do plus subject plus base verb for questions with I, you, we, and they.
Use does plus subject plus base verb for questions with he, she, and it.
With be, put am, is, or are before the subject in questions.

Certain time expressions are commonly used with the Present Simple to show routine or frequency. These expressions do not change the verb form but clarify how often something happens. Days of the week, times, and frequency words often appear with this tense.

Word/Phrase	Definition
every day	This means something happens daily.
usually	This means something happens most of the time.
often	This means something happens many times.
sometimes	This means something happens at certain times.
never	This means something does not happen.
on Mondays	This means something happens regularly on Monday.