Cormorants belong to the family Phalacrocoracidae, within the order Pelecaniformes, which also includes pelicans and their relatives. They are medium-to-large aquatic birds, known for their excellent diving ability, which they use to catch fish underwater. Cormorants typically have dark, often iridescent plumage, long necks, and hooked bills—adaptations that make them highly effective predators in aquatic environments.
  • Family: Phalacrocoracidae
  • Order: Pelecaniformes
  • Adapted for diving and swimming underwater to catch fish
  • Often have dark, glossy, or iridescent feathers
  • Long necks and hooked bills for seizing prey
Cormorants belong to the order Pelecaniformes.
Cormorants primarily eat fish.

Notable Species of Cormorants

Great Cormorant, Double-crested Cormorant, and Pelagic Cormorant are examples of cormorant species.
Some well-known cormorant species include:
Common NameScientific NameDistributionNotable Feature
Great CormorantPhalacrocorax carboEurope, Asia, AfricaWidely distributed, robust
Double-crested CormorantNannopterum auritumNorth AmericaDistinctive feathered crests
Pelagic CormorantPhalacrocorax pelagicusNorth Pacific coastsSlender, with reddish legs
Pelagic Cormorants are found along the North Pacific coast.
Cormorants feature dark, often glossy plumage, long necks, and a hooked bill.

Ecological and Cultural Roles

Cormorants have been used as traditional fishing aids in Asia and can serve as indicators of fish populations.
Cormorants are primarily aquatic predators.
Cormorants are also important in their ecosystems as predators, helping to control fish populations. However, some people view them as competitors for commercial fish stocks, which has led to management conflicts in certain regions.
  • Act as predators in aquatic food webs
  • Control fish population dynamics
  • Used in traditional fishing practices (e.g., in Japan and China)
  • Sometimes seen as pests by fisheries
Cormorants spread their wings to dry their feathers after diving.

Conclusion

Cormorants are fascinating members of the Phalacrocoracidae family, marked by their specialized diving abilities and distinctive dark plumage. Their unique ecological roles and occasional cultural uses make them important both in nature and to people.
  • Cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae) are expert diving birds that hunt fish underwater.
  • They have characteristic dark, often glossy feathers, long necks, and hooked bills.
  • Some species include the Great Cormorant, Double-crested Cormorant, and Pelagic Cormorant.