Figurative Language
Figurative language enriches Spanish by conveying meaning through vivid images, comparisons, and creative expressions rather than literal statements. This guide covers the main types of figurative language with brief definitions and examples.
Metaphor
A metaphor (metáfora) directly compares two things by saying one is the other, highlighting a shared quality without using comparison words. Metaphors create striking images that deepen meaning.
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Simile
A simile (símil) compares two things using connecting words like como, parece or igual que, making the comparison explicit and often more relatable. Similes highlight similarities by drawing attention to likeness.
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Personification
Personification (personificación or prosopopeya) gives human qualities to animals, objects, or ideas, making them act or feel like people. This figure brings scenes to life and can evoke empathy or humor.
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Hyperbole
Hyperbole (hipérbole) is an intentional exaggeration used to emphasize a point or create a dramatic or comic effect. It is not meant to be taken literally but to highlight intensity.
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Alliteration
Alliteration (aliteración) repeats initial consonant sounds in nearby words to create rhythm, mood, or emphasis. It is often used in poetry, slogans, and memorable phrases.
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Idioms
Idioms (modismos or frases hechas) are fixed expressions whose meaning cannot be deduced from the individual words. They reflect cultural habits and add color and naturalness to speech.
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Summary
Figurative language includes metaphors, similes, personification, hyperbole, alliteration, and idioms, each serving to make language more vivid, memorable, and expressive. Recognizing these figures helps both comprehension and production of nuanced Spanish.
Last updated: Tue Sep 16, 2025