Lerne, wie man Adjektive im Deutschen richtig einsetzt: der, die, das, Plural. Übe Steigerungsformen: schön, schöner, am schönsten. Mit Beispielsätzen und praktischen Übungen.
Learn how to use German adjectives: article gender and plural form, comparative and superlative forms (schön, schöner, am schönsten). Practice with sentences, tips, and clear explanations.
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Adjectives in German richly color your speech by specifying qualities, quantities, and nuances. This guide covers how adjectives agree with nouns and how to choose the right ending.
Agreement
Adjektive müssen in Geschlecht, Zahl und Kasus mit dem Substantiv übereinstimmen, das sie beschreiben, und ihre Endungen ändern sich je nach Artikel, der ihnen vorangeht. Diese Konsistenz hilft, die Rolle des Substantivs im Satz deutlich zu machen.
Adjectives must match the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe, and their endings change according to the article that precedes them. This consistency helps signal each noun's role in the sentence.
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Weak, Strong, and Mixed Endings
Adjective endings follow three patterns—weak, strong, and mixed—depending on whether the article is definite, indefinite, or absent. Learning these patterns shows you when the adjective carries the grammatical information and when the article does.
Weak Endings
Weak endings appear after a definite article (der, die, das) or a similar word that marks gender, number, and case, so the adjective takes a simple, predictable ending. This makes sentences with definite articles easier to parse.
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Strong Endings
Strong endings appear when there is no article or when the article does not show full grammatical information, so the adjective must signal gender, number, and case. These endings are more distinctive and are important for accuracy.
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Mixed Endings
Mixed endings occur after an indefinite article (ein, eine) or a possessive adjective, where the article shows some but not all grammatical information, so the adjective picks up the remaining markers. This pattern combines elements of weak and strong endings.
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Adjectives After Nouns
When adjectives follow certain nouns or appear in set expressions, they may appear in the plural or take no ending, and sometimes the adjective turns into a noun. Pay attention to these idiomatic uses for natural speech.
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Color Adjectives
Color adjectives usually follow the normal agreement rules and can be used literally or figuratively, but some color words can function as nouns and require capitalization. Learn which color terms are flexible.
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Adjectives as Nouns
Adjectives can become nouns when capitalized and given an article, allowing you to talk about people or things defined by a quality. This nominalization is common in summaries, comparisons, and generalizations.
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Comparative and Superlative
Adjectives form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -(e)sten (or using am ...sten for adverbial forms), enabling you to compare qualities precisely. Some common adjectives are irregular in these forms.
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Summary
German adjectives agree in gender, number, and case, and their endings follow weak, strong, or mixed patterns depending on the article. Adjectives can also turn into nouns, and you can express comparisons with comparative and superlative forms.
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