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Collective Nouns

Spoken Description

学习集体名词，了解如何用汉语描述一群人、动物或事物，包括：家庭、公司、公司、国家等常用词汇，配有示例句和练习，帮助初学者准确使用这些词汇。

Learn about collective nouns in Chinese: how to refer to groups like families, companies, or nations. Includes example sentences and exercises suitable for beginners, helping you describe groups accurately.

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集体名词用来表示一组人、动物或事物作为一个整体。普通话常用量词（liàngcí）来修饰这类群体，一些集体名词还会引发意象或表达功能。

Collective nouns name a group of people, animals, or things as a single unit. Mandarin often uses measure words (量词 liàngcí) to specify groups, and some collective nouns evoke imagery or function.

Key Vocabulary

学习最常用的集体名词和量词，这样可以自然地谈论各类群体。下面列出关于人、动物和事物的典型例子。

Learn the most common collective nouns and measure words so you can talk naturally about groups in each category. Below are typical examples for people, animals, and things.

People

描述一群人的集体名词通常与他们的角色、活动或社会关系有关。有些用于正式场合，另一些则适合日常交流。

Collective nouns for groups of people often relate to their role, activity, or social connection. Some are used in formal contexts, others in everyday speech.
我们班买了一(group) 今天去博物馆。

Our class bought a (group) [ticket] and went to the museum today.

a group of students

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Animals

动物群体有时有特殊的名称，基于它们的行为或栖息地。普通话中的集体名词可以广泛适用，也可以专指某些特定物种。

Animal groups sometimes have special names based on behavior or habitat. Mandarin collective nouns can apply broadly or to specific species.
树上停着(flock) 鸟。

There is a (flock) of birds perched on the tree.

flock/group

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Things

物体的集合通常需要用根据其形状或功能的适当量词。有些集体名词强调物品的存放方式或展示方式。

Collections of objects usually require the appropriate measure word for the item's shape or function. Some collective nouns highlight how items are stored or displayed.
我买了一(copy) 报纸，看那条(street block) 街。

I bought a (copy) of the newspaper and looked down that (street block).

a copy (measure word) / street block (measure word)

Usage

普通话中的集体名词在表达数量时，通常采用“数字 + 量词”的结构。当谈论不确定的群体时，可以只用集体名词，或在其前加上修饰词。

量词应与名词的类别相匹配，这样听者才能知道你指的是什么样的物品或群体。当集体名词代表整个群体时，不必重复使用量词。

Mandarin collective nouns typically follow a number + measure word structure when quantifying. When speaking about an indefinite group, you can use the collective noun alone or add a modifier.
Measure words agree with the category of the noun, so using the right one helps listeners know what kind of item or group you mean. When a collective noun names a whole group, you do not repeat the measure word.

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Summary

集体名词将成员分组成有意义的单位，通常需要特定的量词。学习关于人、动物和事物的关键集体名词，并练习使用“数字 + 量词 + 名词”的句型，以实现准确且自然的表达。

Collective nouns group members into meaningful units and often require a specific measure word. Learn key collective nouns for people, animals, and things, and practice using number + measure word + noun patterns for accurate and natural speech.

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