Time adverbs tell us when something happens, helping to place actions in the past, present, or future. This short guide covers common time adverbs in Mandarin Chinese with clear examples.
Time Adverbs
Time adverbs modify verbs to indicate timing and can appear at the beginning of a sentence or before the verb. Each example shows the adverb in context with a simple sentence.
| Hanzi | Pinyin | English | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 现在 | xiànzài | now | |
| 昨天 | zuótiān | yesterday | |
| 明天 | míngtiān | tomorrow | |
| 最近 | zuìjìn | recently | |
| 以前 | yǐqián | before / previously |
Expressions for Short Time
Expressions like gāng and mǎshàng signal very short or immediate time and are useful for near-past or near-future actions. They often appear before the verb.
| Hanzi | Pinyin | English | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ⏳ | lìkè | immediately | |
| 🕐 | yīhuǐr | in a little while | |
| ⚡ | mǎshàng | right away | |
| ⏲️ | kuài yào | about to | |
| ⏬ | gǎnkuài | hurriedly |
Past Time Adverbs
Past time adverbs anchor actions firmly in the past and often appear at the start of a sentence. They help narrate events in chronological order.
| Hanzi | Pinyin | English | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 昨天 | zuótiān | yesterday | |
| 前天 | qiántiān | the day before yesterday | |
| 刚才 | gāngcái | just now | |
| 以前 | yǐqián | before / previously | |
| 曾经 | céngjīng | once / formerly |
Future Time Adverbs
Future time adverbs signal when an action will happen and are commonly used in plans and intentions. They usually precede the verb or appear at the sentence front.
| Hanzi | Pinyin | English | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 明天 | míngtiān | tomorrow | |
| 后天 | hòutiān | the day after tomorrow | |
| 很快 | hěn kuài | very soon | |
| 以后 | yǐhòu | later / afterwards | |
| 将来 | jiānglái | in the future |
Adverbs for General Time
Some adverbs describe general or habitual time rather than a specific moment, useful for routines and repeated actions. They can modify frequency or unspecific timing.
| Hanzi | Pinyin | English | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 现在 | xiànzài | now | |
| 常常 | chángcháng | often | |
| 有时候 | yǒu shíhòu | sometimes | |
| 偶尔 | ǒu'ěr | occasionally | |
| 总是 | zǒngshì | always |
Summary
Time adverbs consistently appear either at the sentence start or immediately before the verb to signal when an action occurs. Learning a handful of common adverbs for past, present, and future will make your descriptions much clearer.
Last updated: Fri Oct 24, 2025