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Formal/Informal Speech

Spoken Description

学习基本对话：问候、介绍自己、表达喜好和兴趣。跟随对话练习实用句子，学习礼貌用语，培养自然流利的口语交流能力。适合初学者入门，课文含拼音和简明点评。

Learn key phrases for greetings, self-introduction, talking about likes and interests. Follow dialogues to practice useful sentences, study polite expressions, and develop smooth spoken interactions. Suitable for beginners, with pinyin and quick tips.

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在普通话中，选择正式与非正式的表达方式会影响你的语气，因此本指南重点介绍了关键的代词、尊称、固定短语和礼貌修饰词，帮助你在不同场合听起来自然得体。

In Mandarin Chinese, choosing between formal and informal expressions shapes social tone, so this guide highlights key pronouns, honorifics, set phrases, and polite modifiers to help you sound natural in different settings.

Pronouns

母语者会根据尊重程度切换代词，因此要学习常用的标准形式及其在正式场合（如商务或对长辈讲话）中使用的礼貌变体。

Native speakers switch pronouns depending on respect, so learn both the standard forms and their polite counterparts used in formal contexts like business or addressing elders.

Informal

在日常与朋友、家人和同行的交流中，使用 nǐ (你) 表示“你”，这种随意的说话方式是正常且预期的。

Use nǐ (你) for "you" in everyday conversation with friends, family, and peers, where casual speech is normal and expected.
(you) hǎo ma?

How are you?

Say 'How are you?' to a friend (pronoun only).

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Formal

在与陌生人、上司或长辈交谈时，使用 nín (您) 来表达尊重；这一细微变化传达出礼貌和社会意识。

Use nín (您) to show respect when speaking to strangers, superiors, or elders; this small change signals politeness and social awareness.
(you respectful) hǎo ma?

How are you?

Formally ask 'How are you?' when speaking to a respected person (pronoun only).

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Titles

使用合适的头衔而非直接使用姓名，可以保持正式的语气。常见的头衔包括源自职业、角色，或中性的尊称，如 xiānshēng (先生) 表示“先生”，或 lǎoshī (老师) 表示“老师”。

Attaching appropriate titles instead of names maintains formality; common ones come from professions, roles, or neutral honorifics like xiānshēng (先生) for "Mr." or lǎoshī (老师) for "teacher".

Set Phrases

正式场合的礼貌用语包括问候、感谢和请求等固定表达，听起来自然，适用于官方邮件、会议和客户服务。

Formal speech relies on set polite expressions in greetings, thanks, and requests that sound natural in official emails, meetings, and customer service interactions.

Polite Modifiers

使用诸如 qǐng (请) 这类软化语和句末助词，如 ma (吗) 用于疑问，或 ne (呢) 用于轻柔强调，有助于将直接的句子转变为礼貌的请求。

Softening phrases like qǐng (请) "please" and sentence-final particles such as ma (吗) for questions or ne (呢) for gentle emphasis help turn direct sentences into courteous requests.

Summary

在正式场合使用 nín 代替 nǐ 来表示尊重，在正式场合用头衔替代空泛的姓名，记忆标准的礼貌短语，加入软化修饰，使你的言语更合适场合，赢得他人的好感。

Use nín versus nǐ to mark respect, apply titles instead of bare names in formal contexts, memorize standard polite set phrases, and add softening modifiers so your speech fits the situation and earns goodwill.

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