Spoken Description

学习造句技巧:掌握基本语序、句子结构和常用句型,逐步提升中文造句能力,改善写作与口语表达。适合初学者,配以例句、练习和提示,帮助建立自信与流畅度。

Learn how to make clear statements: focus on word order, basic sentence structures, and common sentence patterns to build confidence and fluency. Suitable for beginner level, with example sentences and practice.

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普通的汉语句子遵循一个直接的顺序:主语 + 时间(可选) + 状语(可选) + 谓语 + 宾语(可选)。本指南涵盖基本的句子模式和关键的虚词,可以将想法变成清晰的陈述。

Mandarin Chinese sentences follow a straightforward order: Subject + Time (optional) + Adverb (optional) + Verb + Object (optional). This guide covers the basic sentence patterns and key particles that turn ideas into clear statements.

Basic SVO

典型的句子结构遵循 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语。时间和方式的表达通常根据强调在这些元素之前或之后插入。

例如,句子 wǒ chī píngguǒ(我 吃 苹果)是一个简单的陈述句:“我吃苹果。”你可以添加时间或地点以提供更多细节。

The typical sentence follows Subject + Verb + Object. Time and manner expressions usually slot in before or after these elements depending on emphasis.
For example, the sentence wǒ chī píngguǒ (我 吃 苹果) is a simple statement: "I eat an apple." You can add time or place to give more detail.
(I) chī píngguǒ

I eat apple

Translate 'I eat apple' (subject)

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Time and Place

时间表达通常在主语之后出现,地点表达通常在动词之前。这有助于听者知道动作在何时何地发生。

添加类似 zuótiān(昨天)表示“昨天”,或者 zài xuéxiào(在 学校)表示“在学校”,为主要动作设定场景。

Time expressions normally come right after the subject, and place expressions usually come before the verb. This helps listeners know when and where an action happens.
Adding a phrase like zuótiān (昨天) for "yesterday" or zài xuéxiào (在 学校) for "at school" sets the scene for the main action.
(yesterday) chī píngguǒ

I yesterday eat apple

Add time after subject: 'I yesterday eat apple' (time)

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Adverbs

表示频率、方式或程度的副词通常放在动词之前。有些副词也可以出现在句首以强调。

yīzhí(一直,“一直”)或 hěn(很,“很”)这样的词,有助于表达事情发生的频率或程度。

Adverbs that show frequency, manner, or degree typically go before the verb. Some adverbs can also appear at the very beginning for emphasis.
Words like yīzhí (一直) "always" or hěn (很) "very" help shape the meaning by showing how often or how much something happens.
(always) chī píngguǒ

I always eat apple

Add adverb before verb: 'I always eat apple' (always)

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Particles

汉语使用小虚词来增加细腻的意味。例如,le(了)可以表示动作已完成,ma(吗)则将陈述变成疑问句。

虚词不会改变核心句子结构,但提供关于时间、语气或句子类型的线索。

Chinese uses small particles to add nuance. For example, le (了) can signal a completed action, and ma (吗) turns a statement into a question.
Particles don’t change the core sentence order but give clues about time, attitude, or sentence type.
nǐ chī píngguǒ(question particle)

You eat apple (question)

Turn statement into question: 'You eat apple?' (question particle)

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Negation

否定通常用 (不)或 méi(没)放在动词之前。用 表示习惯或将来发生的行为,用 méi 表示过去未发生或没有发生某事。

否定虚词保持句子结构完整,同时逆转句子含义。

Negation is usually formed with (不) or méi (没) placed before the verb. Use for habitual or future actions and méi for past actions or when indicating something did not happen.
Negation particles keep the sentence structure intact while reversing the meaning.
(not) chī píngguǒ

You not eat apple

Negate habitual action: 'You not eat apple' (habitual negation)

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Summary

汉语陈述句遵循明确的顺序:主语 + 时间 + 地点 + 状语 + 谓语 + 宾语。虚词和微调增加细腻,但不改变主要元素的顺序。练习插入各种表达方式,构造自然的句子。

Mandarin statements follow a clear order: Subject + Time + Place + Adverb + Verb + Object. Particles and small shifts add nuance but don’t reorder the main elements. Practice plugging in different expressions to make natural sentences.

Vocabulary

Hanzi Character(s)Pinyin Word(s)English Word(s)
I / me
you
he / him
chīeat
苹果píngguǒapple
昨天zuótiānyesterday
学校xuéxiàoschool
zài(at / in)
一直yīzhíalways
hěnvery
le(completed action particle)
ma(question particle)
not / no
méinot (have / did)

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